The Leisure Service Programmer

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The Leisure Service Programmer

• HPR 322
• Chapter 3

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Today Thursday, Sept 5, 2013

• Program Proposal Assignment
• If not done already, be thinking specifically
  about the agency you are planning on behalf of
  and the program you will be planning
• Todays topic
• The Leisure Service Programmer

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What do you call what you do?

• Recreation specialist
• Recreation programmer
• Counselor
• Instructor
• Coach
• Manager
• Recreation Administrator
• Assistant Director
• Coordinator
• Facilitator
• Leader
• Facility Manager

• Different organizations use different job titles
• May or may not indicate function
• May be related to salary level/seniority (Rec
  Specialist I, II, III)
• The smaller the organization/department, the more
  important you might sound (Assistant Director,
  Vice-President, etc.)

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Responsibilities

• Start new programs
• Administer current programs
• Help with special events
• Lead or instruct programs
• From supervising a specific program to managing a
  facility
• From face-to-face to supervisor to administrator

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Responsibilities

• HR duties -
• hire/supervise/
• evaluate staff (salaried, part time, contract,
  volunteers)
• Purchasing
• Troubleshooting
• Handling problems or complaints
• Facilitator, counselor, information provider,
  developer of ideas

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Common Elements of a Profession

• 1. Organized body of knowledge
• Serves society in a unique way so the body of
  knowledge is unique professional knowledge
• Information drawn from scientific disciplines
• Values we profess and to which we subscribe
• Applied or engineered skills
• 2. Organizations and institutions that exist to
  transmit professional knowledge
• Colleges and universities Curricula
• Professional organizations conferences,
  workshops, online learning, journals

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• 3. Creation of professional authority as a result
  of public sanction
• Society accepts the authority of a profession
  through licensure, certification, registration
  these stipulate knowledge and boundaries
• Accreditation of educational programs
• Sanctioned due to being the only occupation that
  provides the service
• 4. A Code of Ethics and Standards to guide
  professional practice
• NRPA Professional Code of Ethics on pg 65
• ATRA Code of Ethics

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ATRA Code of Ethics

• The American Therapeutic Recreation Association's
  Code of Ethics is to be used as a guide for
  promoting and maintaining the highest standards
  of ethical behavior. The Code applies to all
  Recreational Therapy personnel. The term
  Recreational Therapy personnel includes Certified
  Therapeutic Recreation Specialists (CTRS),
  recreational therapy assistants and recreational
  therapy students. Acceptance of membership in the
  American Therapeutic Recreation Association
  commits a member to adherence to these
  principles.
• Principle 1 Beneficence
• Recreational Therapy personnel shall treat
  persons served in an ethical manner by actively
  making efforts to provide for their well-being by
  maximizing possible benefits and relieving,
  lessening, or minimizing possible harm.
•   

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• Principle 2 Non-Maleficence
• Recreational Therapy personnel have an obligation
  to use their knowledge, skills, abilities, and
  judgment to help persons while respecting their
  decisions and protecting them from harm.
• Principle 3 Autonomy
• Recreational Therapy personnel have a duty to
  preserve and protect the right of each individual
  to make his/her own choices. Each individual is
  to be given the opportunity to determine his/her
  own course of action in accordance with a plan
  freely chosen. In the case of individuals who are
  unable to exercise autonomy with regard to their
  care, recreational therapy personnel have the
  duty to respect the decisions of their qualified
  legal representative.

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• Principle 4 Justice
• Recreational Therapy personnel are responsible
  for ensuring that individuals are served fairly
  and that there is equity in the distribution of
  services. Individuals should receive services
  without regard to race, color, creed, gender,
  sexual orientation, age, disability/disease,
  social and financial status. 
• Principle 5 Fidelity
• Recreational Therapy personnel have an
  obligation, first and foremost, to be loyal,
  faithful, and meet commitments made to persons
  receiving services. In addition, Recreational
  Therapy personnel have a secondary obligation to
  colleagues, agencies, and the profession.

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• Principle 6 Veracity
• Recreational Therapy personnel shall be truthful
  and honest. Deception, by being dishonest or
  omitting what is true, should always be avoided.
• Principle 7 Informed Consent
• Recreational Therapy personnel should provide
  services characterized by mutual respect and
  shared decision making. These personnel are
  responsible for providing each individual
  receiving service with information regarding the
  services, benefits, outcomes, length of
  treatment, expected activities, risk and
  limitations, including the professionals
  training and credentials. Informed consent is
  obtained when information needed to make a
  reasoned decision is provided by the professional
  to competent persons seeking services who then
  decide whether or not to accept the treatment.

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• Principle 8 Confidentiality Privacy
• Recreational Therapy personnel have a duty to
  disclose all relevant information to persons
  seeking services they also have a corresponding
  duty not to disclose private information to third
  parties. If a situation arises that requires
  disclosure of confidential information about an
  individual (ie to protect the individuals
  welfare or the interest of others) the
  professional has the responsibility to inform the
  individual served of the circumstances.
• Principle 9 Competence
• Recreational Therapy personnel have the
  responsibility to maintain and improve their
  knowledge related to the profession and
  demonstrate current, competent practice to
  persons served. In addition, personnel have an
  obligation to maintain their credential.

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• Principle 10 Compliance with Laws and Regulations
• Recreational Therapy personnel are responsible
  for complying with local, state and federal laws,
  regulations and ATRA policies governing the
  profession of Recreational Therapy.
• Revised by the ATRA Board of Directors July
  2009

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Responsibilities of Professional Practice

• Placing the needs of the customer first
• Commitment to the ideals of the Leisure Service
  Movement adhere to philosophy
• Protection of the Customers Rights
• Trust, mutual respect, protection and access of
  privileged information
• Acquisition of adequate and appropriate knowledge
  prior to engaging in professional activities

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• Practice of the highest standards of professional
  service
• Consistent quality
• Continuous Upgrading of professional knowledge,
  skill, abilities
• Operating ethically and equitably
• Dont discriminate or provide misleading info
• Maintain a collaborative relationship with the
  customer
• 2-way exchange of information

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• Self-regulation
• Set standards and monitor adherence
• Contributing to the development of the profession
  and other professionals
• Individual professionals have an obligation to
  contribute to the profession advocacy,
  involvement, mentorship, sharing knowledge

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Leadership Characteristics

• Based on a large study
• Honest - integrity
• Competent technical, conceptual, human relation
  skills
• Forward-looking (visionary) sense of direction
  and concern for the future
• Inspiring enthusiastic, energetic, encouraging

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Leaders vs Managers

• Manager administers Leader innovates
• Manager is a copy Leader is original
• Manager maintains Leader develops
• Manager focuses on systems and structure Leader
  focuses on people
• Manager relies on control Leader inspires trust
• Manager has short-term view Manager has
  long-term view
• Manager asks who and how Leader asks what and
  why
• Manager has eye on bottom line Leader has eye
  on the future

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Leadership Styles

• HPR 323 an entire class about leadership
  leadership styles leadership studies, etc.
• A very (very!) brief overview
• Leader, participants, setting all influence style
• For recreation, ideal traits may be fun loving
  people liking group-minded and democratic
  prepared creative humble has faith (sees the
  best) in people, not afraid to make decisions

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Leadership Styles

• What prior leadership experiences have you had
  (in recreation or otherwise)?
• Who did you lead? (age, experience level, number
  of people)
• What were your responsibilities?
• How did you express your authority?
• If you could change one thing about the
  experience, what would it be?

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Leadership Styles

• If you have never been a leader (or cannot
  remember what it was like)
• Describe a leader you had in the past
• What was the setting? (description of group
  members, how large of a group, purpose of group)
• What were the leaders responsibilities?
• How did he/she express his authority?
• What was effective or not effective about the way
  that person led?

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Leadership Style Self-Assessment

• Two different Quizzes
• One uses traditional definitions
• One uses different, more up to date definitions

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LEADERSHIP STYLE QUIZ 1 ITEMS 1-6 of 12

• As a leader, I tend to
• Make my own decisions
• Tell others what to do
• Suggest a decision to others
• Persuade others to do things my way
• Participate just like any other person
• Provide resources to others
• FOR EACH ITEM, INDICATE
• 4 Always
• 3 Often
• 2 Sometimes
• 1 - Never

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LEADERSHIP STYLE QUIZ 1 ITEMS 7-12 of 12

• As a leader, I tend to
• 7. Gather others feedback before deciding
• 8. Rely on my own judgment
• 9. Make certain the majority rules
• 10. Turn decisions over to others
• 11. Ask others to brainstorm choices
• 12. Share my own ideas. Suggest a decision to
  others
• As before, FOR EACH ITEM, INDICATE
• 4 Always
• 3 Often
• 2 Sometimes
• 1 - Never

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LEADERSHIP STYLE QUIZ 1 Scoring

• Add total for Questions 1,2,4,8
• Style Autocratic
• Add total for Questions 3,7,9,11
• Style Participatory
• Add total for Questions 5,6,10,12
• Style Free Rein
• Predominant style is reflected by the highest
  score

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LEADERSHIP STYLE QUIZ 1 Definitions

• Autocratic Direct and controlling more
  oriented toward productivity and goals. Strengths
  include accomplishment of tasks and quick
  decisions. Prefer freedom to manage self and
  others.
• Participatory Requires input from others.
  Higher concern with process and allowing everyone
  to have a voice. May be a slow, thoughtful
  decision maker. Tend to be good listeners and
  cooperative.
• Free Rein Relaxed and supportive. Details are
  less of a concern, belief that things will get
  done. Comfortable with teamwork and group
  activities.

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Leadership Quiz 2 20 items, 1-6

• For each item, indicate
• 0 never true for me
• 1 hardly ever true for me
• 2 sometimes true for me
• 3 fairly often true for me
• 4 frequently if not always true
• My focus is on productivity, achieving goals and
  targets
• Taking care of my people takes priority over
  tasks at hand
• Im comfortable with power and I seek higher
  positions
• I expect to be promoted on the merit of my work
  and reputation
• I like change, anything new different, lots of
  options, choices
• Im more comfortable following tried trusted
  procedures

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Leadership Quiz 2 items 8 - 14

• For each item, indicate
• 0 never true for me
• 1 hardly ever true for me
• 2 sometimes true for me
• 3 fairly often true for me
• 4 frequently if not always true
• 7. I like a good challenge and enjoy working by
  myself independently
• 8. Im a great team player and enjoy the comfort
  of working in a group
• 9. I love to make decisions, take risks and act
  from gut instinct
• 10. I like to seek everyones views gather
  information before deciding
• 11. Inventing new solutions and dreaming up new
  strategies excites me
• 12. I love nothing better than problem solving
• 13. Competition motivates me and brings out my
  best qualities
• 14. I never feel qualified enough, despite years
  of study and experience

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Leadership Quiz 2 items 15-20

• For each item, indicate
• 0 never true for me
• 1 hardly ever true for me
• 2 sometimes true for me
• 3 fairly often true for me
• 4 frequently if not always true
• 15. I dont like rules, punishment, or being
  managed
• 16. I prefer set procedures, routines, and
  satisfying clear requirements
• 17. I need to be in control and prefer to have my
  own project or area
• 18. I love camaraderie, everyone getting along
  and working together
• 19. Its not what you know, its who you know
  that counts
• 20. Friendly relationships and loyal camaraderie
  are what I value and trust

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LEADERSHIP STYLE QUIZ 2 Scoring

• Add total for Odd questions (1,3,5,7,9, etc.)
• Add total for even questions (2,4,6,8,10)
• ODD much higher than even current style is high
  in credibility, leadership, innovative thinking
  and achieving targets
• EVEN much higher than odd current style is high
  in approachability, people skills, information
  gathering and problem solving
• ODD and EVEN totals are close balance of
  credibility and approachability make you a good
  liaison or mediator, and possibly a charismatic
  leader

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PARTICIPANTS

• Who do we work with???
• Participants
• Patrons
• Customers
• Clients
• Members
• Users
• Visitors
• Guests
• Consumers

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What factors influence Leisure Choices?

• Analysis of Customer Decision Making related to
  Leisure
• Customers evaluate financial risk
• Higher financial risk extended (more complex
  process) decision making (RV)
• Low financial risk routine decision making
  (inexpensive supplies)

• Lifespan variables
• Age-related phases impact needs, abilities and
  priorities
• Other characteristics
• Gender, personality, health, place of residence,
  mobility, culture

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Leisure Competencies

• Designing programs that contribute to mental,
  physical, and social well-being of
  customers(based on needs of consumers)
• Leisure experiences can translate into
  improvements in other areas of participants
  lives (social competence, for example)

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Origins of Leisure Behavior

• May be based on competencies a person already
  possesses (or believes he/she possesses
  perceived competencies) as well as
• Availability of activities, facilities, resources

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Relationship between Leaders and Participants

• What benefits can participants get from the
  following activities?
• What are possible negatives results for
  participants?
• What can a recreation leader do, if anything, to
  improve the participants experiences?
• Dodgeball
• A Dance (social dance)
• Art Class (painting, drawing, etc)

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Knowing or Adapting to Participants in Group
Programming

• You dont always have to follow the rules
• Participants may invent a more satisfying
  variation
• Participant-chosen teams may not always be
  preferred
• Leader finds a creative way to divide up
  participants leader can readjust teams as needed
• What about unwilling participants?
• Try to find some way to appeal or draw in

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Knowing or Adapting to Participants in Group
Programming Part 2

• Watching or keeping score may not qualify as
  inclusion
• Try to find a way to involve anyone who would
  like to participate partial participation, etc.
• Try to be aware of what participants are looking
  for in your program
• Just came to appease spouse, friends, etc., may
  not be concerned about accomplishing anything
  (but dont allow someone to become a negative
  force or distraction)
• Looking for social aspects rather than fitness,
  for example exercise care when encouraging
  participants to focus or they may simply stop
  coming to your programming. Consider how best to
  adjust the programming to meet everyones needs.