Starting Windows NT An overview and introduction

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Starting Windows NT An overview and introduction

• Instructor Professor Dr. Anvari
• Students Li-Yen Chen Chunwa (Joanna) Chan
• Southeastern University

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Purposes and Goals

• The goals of this presentation is to understand
  the following topics
• General questions about Windows NT and Windows 95
  
• - Comparison of Windows 95 and Windows NT
• - Comparison of NT Server and Workstation
• Overview of the Architecture of Windows NT
• Overview of the Windows NT Networking system
• Tips about Windows NT

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Whats the differences between Win95/98 and
Windows NT?

• Windows 95/98
• File systems FAT
• slow when filegt 200mb
• Index Linked list
• Support only single processor
• Weaker security

• Windows NT
• File systems NTFS
• bigger partition, more secure
• Index B-tree
• Support both single and multiprocessors
• Stronger security

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Comparison of Windows 95 and NT Workstation
Information sources http//microsoft.com/NTWork
station
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POSIX portable operation system interface
based on Unix Preemptive multitasking
applications are forced to shared the CPU
(cooperative multitasking each program can
control the CPU as long as it needs)
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• Peer-to-peer networking all account
  administration is local to each
• machine and that each machine maintains its
  own account database.
• Remote Access Services services that allow the
  connection of the remote user.

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Comparison of NT Workstation and Sever

• NT Workstation
• support 2 processors
• 10 clients (max)
• remote access service
• 1 connection only
• suitable for Intranet
• Macintosh services No
• Peer to peer Network

• NT Sever
• 4 processors
• Unlimited clients
• remote access service
• 255 connections
• suitable for Internet
• Macintosh services Yes
• Server

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Windows NT Design Objectives

• Extensibility
• Backoffice Suite (SQL Server,
  Exchange,..etc.)
• Portability (from one hardware to another)
• Written by C, which is not hardware
  dependent
• Compatibility
• DOS, Win16, Win32 and POSIX (Portable
  Operating System Interface based on UNIX)
  Compatible.
• Security
• Security logon, Discretionary access control,
  Audit, Memory protection
• Performance
• Reliability and Robustness

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Windows NT Features

• Networking components
• NetBEUI, IPX/SPX, TCP/IP, DLC, ApplTalk,
  PPTP, VLAN
• Internet/Intranet components
• Internet Information Server (IIS), FTP
  server, gopher server.
• Interoperability components
• Clients DOS, Windows95/98, Windows NT
  workstation, Macintosh.
• Application-Enabling components
• Support Inter Process Communication (IPC)
• Administrative components
• Primary domain controller, backup domain
  controller, or standalone.
• Workstation components
• A NT server can also be used as a
  workstation.

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Windows NT Architecture (1)
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Windows NT Architecture (2)
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Windows NT Architecture

• Kernel mode
• Hardware Abstraction Layer ( HAL)
• - Control all of the hardware access
• - Platform-specific
• - Protect subsystems and applications work
  through the executive to
• access hardware
• Executive
• - includes system services (called by the
  subsystem) and internal
• routines (called by other executive
  components)
• - each of the executive components is
  independent from the other.
• - each component can be removed and
  replaced by new version.
• User mode (composed of protected subsystems)
• - Each subsystem is protected one from
  another.
• - When an application crash, will not take
  others down.

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Windows NT Scalability ability to run
multiprocessorNT uses Symmetric Multiprocessing
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Networking and Network protocol

• Basic Networking Concepts
• Local area network (LAN)
• Personal computer
• Network cable
• Network interface adapter
• Networking protocol
• Hub
• Server
• Client
• Peer

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Windows 3.1 Client
Windows 3.1 Client
Windows 95 Peer
Windows 95 Peer
Macintosh Client
Hub
Windows NT Server
Network Cable
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Networking and Network protocol

• Network Architecture
• The physical layerNetwork components copper
  wire, fiber-optic cable(glass), radio wavers and
  so on
• The network layerSending the packets information
  over the physical layer

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Networking and Network protocol

• The Open Systems Interconnect(OSI) Model
• Application Layer
• Presentation Layer
• Session Layer
• Transport Layer
• Network Layer
• Data link Layer
• Physical Layer

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Networking and Network protocol

• Windows NT Networking Components and boundary
  layers.
• Programming interfaces (boundary)
• File system drivers (component)
• The transport driver interface(boundary)
• transport protocol (component)
• Network driver interface specification
• Adapter driver(component)

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Networking and Network protocol

• Windows NT Server support Network Protocols
• NetBEUI NETBIOS Extended User Interface
• IPX/SPX Internetwork Packet eXchagne/Sequenced
  Packet eXchange
• TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol Internet
  Protocol
• DCL Data Link Control
• Apple Talk
• Steams
• PPTP Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol

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Networking and Network protocol

• Features of TCP/IP
• Broad connectivity among all types of computers
  and servers
• Direct access to the Internet
• Strong support for routing
• Simple SNMP support
• Support for DHCP to dynamically assign client IP
  address
• Support for the WINs to allow NetBIOS name
  resolution among Microsoft clients and servers.
• Support for most other Internet protocols such as
  HTTP, POP,
• Centralized TCP/IP domain assignment to allow
  internetworking between organizations

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Windows NT Network Security Models

• The Workgroup Security Model
• The Domain Security Model

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Windows NT Server Roles

• Primary Domain Controller
• Backup Domain Controller
• Server
• Member Servers
• Stand-Alone Servers

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Starting your Windows NT

• Windows NT is strong in Security, performance,
  stability, and networking, but ease of use and
  hardware configuration is not as good as Windows
  95
• Notes Install Windows
• Hardware Selection Hardware Compatibility List
  (HCL)
• Choosing a File System NTFS or FAT
• Choosing a Domain Role (PDC, BDC, Member sever)
• Tips Microsoft strategy
• Windows 98/ NT Workstation take place of Windows
  95
• NT Server compete with Unix

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References

• Honeycutt J. 1999. Using Windows NT Server 4
  Platinum Edition.
• Donald, L. and J. Chellis. 1997. MCSE NT Server
  4 Enterprise Study Guide. 2nd Edition.
• Donald, L. and J. Chellis. 1997. MCSE NT Server
  4 Study Guide. 2nd Edition.

Links

• Http//www2.pcworld.com/software/opsystems/article
  s/
• Http//www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/2735/whidvm
  .html
• Http//www.microsoft.com/windows/platform/info/how
  2choose-mb.htm
• Http//microsoft.com/NTWorkstation/Compare/Compare
  /Window95/