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Present and Future Activities

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Title: Present and Future Activities


1
Present and Future Activities of the Mercury Air
Transport and Fate Research Partnership Area -
UNEP Mercury Programme - Nicola
Pirrone Director CNR-Institute of Atmospheric
Pollution Research, Rome, Italy Chair of the
UNEP FT pirrone_at_iia.cnr.it C-MERC
Workshop 8-10 September 2010, Portsmouth, NH
2
Objectives of FT Partnership
  • To support the decision of the GC and
    specifically the activity of the overarching
    partnership by
  • Accelerating the development of sound scientific
    information to address uncertainties and data
    gaps in global mercury cycling and its patterns.
  • Enhancing sharing of such information among
    scientists and between them and policymakers.
  • Providing technical assistance and training,
    where possible, to support the development of
    critical information.
  • Enhancing the development of a globally-coordinate
    d mercury observation system in cooperation with
    the GEO Task HE-09-02d.
  • Enhancing the exchange of information and
    cooperation with the Task Force on Hemispheric
    Transport of Air Pollutants (TF HTAP) of the
    UNECE-LRTAP Convention.

3
FT Partners
  • CANADA Grace Holland, Kristina Rudnitski,
    Heather Morrison several scientific experts
    (i.e., Ashu Dastoor)
  • USA Stan Durkee, Merilyn Engle, Frasso Kathryn
    several experts i.e., Elsie Sunderland, Dan
    Jaffe, Rob Mason, L. Levin, J. Lin, etc.
  • ITALY Nicola Pirrone, Ian Hedgecock, Francesca
    Sprovieri, Alessandra Fino, Sergio Cinnirella,
    etc.
  • JAPAN Noriyuki Suzuki, Koyou Ogasawasa, Terai
    Toru, Takeshi Sekiya
  • SOUTH AFRICA Joy Leaner
  • SLOVENIA Milena Horvat
  • UNEP Brenda Koekkoek, Gunnar Futser, Pascale
    Unger
  • CHINA Jiming Hao, Shuxiao Wang
  • Helen Keenan through the GSAMP (Group of
    Scientists on Aspects of Marine Pollution)
    program, includes Mason, Horvat, Hurley and
    others. Producing a report on Mercury in the
    Marine Environment

4
Status of current partnership activities
  • UNEP Mercury Air Transport and Fate Research
    Partnership Area (FT) 2005
  • Contributed to UNEP Mercury Programme and other
    international programs (i.e., GEO Task HE-09-02d
    / GEOSS) and Conventions (UNECE-LRTAP-T HTAP).
  • 2009 FT report - Mercury Fate and Transport in
    the Global Atmosphere Emissions, Measurements
    and Models, Springer
  • Cooperation with TF HTAP (UNECE-LRTAP) - Report
    Part-B Mercury currently under review (2010)
    (Pirrone, N. and Terry Keeting, Editors) . Others
    involved include Mason, Sunderland, Levin etc
  • Leadership of the project Global Mercury
    Observation System GMOS funded by the
    European Commission - will start on Nov. 1st with
    kick-off on Nov. 17-19, 2010 in Rome.
  • Further development of the overarching approach
    of the FT - start up of the GEO Task HE-09-02d
    "Global Monitoring Plan for Atmospheric Mercury"
    and more recently the GMOS which are part of the
    GEOSS program and is aimed to support the goals
    and objectives of the FT and TF HTAP.

5
FT 2009 Report
In February 2009 , as contribution to the 25th
session of the UNEP GC (Nairobi, February 2009),
the report was published as a book. Mercury
Fate and Transport in the Global Atmosphere
Emissions, Measurements and Models. Springer,
USA (Pirrone and Mason, Eds.) Over 70 scientists
contributed to the preparation of this report. 21
chapters. 8 deal with emissions, 7 deal with
experimental data and measurements and 6 deal
with various models
6
from FT HTAP reports
Recommendations
  • Observational networks
  • The establishment of a coordinated global
    monitoring network is highly recommended.
  • Such a mercury network should be closely linked
    to existing sites with globally representative
    distribution and a long-term perspective, such
    as WMO GAW sites
  • It should be ensured that this measurement
    network is strongly supported by regional and
    global modelling, for scenario analysis and to
    support decision making for protecting human and
    environmental health.
  • The combination of intermittent shipboard and
    long-term ground measurements can provide
    information about the worldwide distribution and
    trend of atmospheric Hg.
  • More effort should be dedicated to Deposition
    Networks with large spatial coverage and
    long-term perspective
  •  

7
from FT HTAP reports
Recommendations
  • Atmospheric chemistry and source attribution
  • Better understanding of the interplay of sources
    and removal processes.
  • Better understanding of which sites would respond
    most quickly to changes in emissions and which
    sites are independent of local or regional
    sources and predominantly influenced by the
    global pool.
  • Need more long-term data and spatial coverage to
    understand long-term changes in RGM and PM.
  • Intercontinental transport of mercury can be
    estimated from Hg/CO measurements at fixed
    stations however, more emphasis should be
    addressed to the question why results based on
    this approach differ significantly from emission
    estimates.

8
Brief overview of GMOS
An important contribution to the future
development of the GEO Task HE-09-02d, FT and
UNECE-HTAP will be provided by GMOS in addition
to the contributions from other countries that
act as Co-Leads and as Contributors.
  • Status of Play
  • The European Commission just approved for funding
    the proposal Global Mercury Observation System
    GMOS with a total budget of about 9 M.
  • GMOS Coordinator Nicola Pirrone, CNR-IIA, Italy
  • GMOS involves 24 partners from all over the world
    about 10 external partners (PI of other
    programs). Milena Horvat can give more details.
  • GMOS will start in Nov. 2010 and will end in 2015.

9
GMOS Ground-Based Observation System
Additional Activities 1. Atmospheric collections
during commercial aircraft flights to North and
South America, Asia and South Africa 2. Ocean
cruises - North, equatorial and South
Pacific/Southern Ocean North and South Atlantic
10
GMOS Overarching Objectives
  • To establish a Global Observation System for
    Mercury able to provide ambient concentrations
    and deposition fluxes of mercury species around
    the world, by combining observations from
    permanent ground-based stations, and from
    oceanographic and tropospheric measurement
    campaigns.
  • To validate regional and global scale atmospheric
    mercury modelling systems able to predict the
    temporal variations and spatial distributions of
    ambient concentrations of atmospheric mercury,
    and Hg fluxes to and from terrestrial and aquatic
    receptors.
  • To evaluate and identify source-receptor
    relationships at country scale and their temporal
    trends for current and projected scenarios of
    mercury emissions from anthropogenic and natural
    sources.
  • To develop interoperable tools to allow the
    sharing of observational and models output data
    produced by GMOS, for the purposes of research
    and policy development and implementation as well
    as at enabling societal benefits of Earth
    observations, including advances in scientific
    understanding in the nine Societal Benefit Areas
    (SBA) established in GEOSS.

11
Possible FT partnership future activities
  • Possible contribution of FT to paragraph 29 of
    decision 25/5 III of the Governing Council/Global
    Ministerial Environ. Forum of UNEP
  • Partners involved in the TF HTAP provide
    information for the 29.
  • Partners providing any available information on
    costs and effectiveness of alternative control
    technologies and measures
  • Review of a "zero draft"
  • Any other possible contribution..
  • Close cooperation with GMOS, GEO Task HE 09-02d
    and TF HTAP to assure the efficient sharing of
    information, capacity building and advancement of
    science.
  • Possible linkages with .(for example, other
    air-emissions-related partnership areas, i.e.,
    Coal Combustion)
  • Expanding the focus of the FT to include aquatic
    transport and fate as well as exposure
  • International workshop in 2012.
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