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Conditions of transition of Moldovas economy to
knowledge-based economy

• International Conference Scientific and
  Technological Innovation
• National Experience and International
  Cooperation
• 20TH May 2010, Baku

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General country overview

• Area 33,800 km2
• Population 3.58 million
• Capital Chisinau - 717,000 citizens
• National Legislature Unicameral assembly
• National currency Moldovan Leu (MDL)

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The major condition for RM to pass to the new
economy, based on knowledge is

• innovations model economic development
  transforming innovations and innovation activity
  into the major social-economic development
  factor of Republic of Moldova
• It assumes as practical realization of the
  complex approach to creation of innovative
  structures, and mechanisms of interaction of
  science, formation, small innovative business,
  the large industrial corporations, and
  corresponding financial institutions.

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European integration is the main concern for the
development of the countries, as

• for the scientific and innovation policy
  convoluted for RM is considered the situation of
  EU member states innovation policy, stated in
  "Lisbon strategy", approved by the European
  Council in March 2000 and reconsidered in 2005
  year under the name of "Lisbon Strategy of
  Economic Growth and Employment"
• This document established the strategic purposes
  of development of economy of EU for the term of
  10 years, providing creation of the dynamical and
  steady economy which are based on knowledge,
  necessary for improvement of working conditions,
  accelerations of a social unification and defines
  innovative activity as a factor that directly
  defines competitiveness maintenance at all
  levels the enterprise, sector, region or the
  country.

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Middle of 21st century
Creation of new technologies
Transition to scientific-technical revolution
KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY
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• The state innovative policy in Republic of
  Moldova is directed on maintenance of steady
  socially economic development and high national
  competitiveness
• Economic aim of innovation policy is to
  fulfill internal market with high technological
  products for the international level with very
  new elements for the products global standards

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Final purpose of innovation activity development
on RM territory

• creation of a entire national innovation system
  (mechanism) for innovation directing correlated
  combinations of the innovation creation field,
  its trade distributions, duplications within the
  production sphere that will be based on
• The establishment of an adequate economic and law
  environment
• The construction of entire innovation
  infrastructure
• The performance of state mechanisms for the
  scientific ideas and co-acting for its trading

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Change of economy of Moldova into an innovative
way of development is accepted at the state level
as a strategic direction of development of the
country and it is reflected in following
documents

• The Code of Republic Moldova on sciences and
  innovations No. 259-XV, July, 15th, 2004
• The program of social-economic development of RM
  for a medium-term period (20082011 years)
• The National Strategy of Innovative Development
  of Moldova for the period 2008-2011 years

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• After the adoption of the Republic of Moldova
  Code of Science and Innovations, in 2004, Academy
  of Sciences of Moldova (ASM) misplaced its old
  role and became the real manager of all science
  pound, as well as those of competence, under the
  Agreement on partnership with government, handed
  over to the Academy of Sciences.
• Some foreign experts compare the ASM with the
  Ministry of Science, or even the National Science
  Foundation.
• ASM organizes and coordinates the research work
  using the experience, that is, those research
  schools, which have been established for decades.
  
• By direction of the scientific schools are done
  studies and the results are transmitted for
  implementing through the Agency for the
  implementation of innovation and technology
  transfer (AITT).

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• Under the "Code of the Republic of Moldova on
  science and innovation., Academy of Sciences of
  Moldova became "the only public institution of
  national importance in the field of science and
  innovation, plenipotentiary coordinator of
  scientific and innovation activities, the highest
  scientific forum of the country and scientific
  consultant for the public authorities of the
  Republic of Moldova.
• It made possible to concentrate efforts and
  financial flows for research and innovation area.
  In such a relatively small country like Moldova,
  this seems to be reasonable and timely.

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• But the move led to a need and a number of other
  actions. And the first of them - is the reform of
  ownership of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova.
• In this case it was necessary to resolve the
  fundamental contradiction between the Academy of
  Sciences (which includes in its current form, all
  academic and scientific research institutions,
  the accreditation of the past and received a
  license to engage in this activity) as part of
  civil society, governed by democratic means
  through the scientific community, and like a
  public institution, financed by the state.

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• Resolving this contradiction made the conclusion
  of a special instrument - the Partnership
  Agreement between the Government of the Republic
  of Moldova and the Academy of Sciences for a term
  of 4 years
• The bases of this agreement are
• The relevant requirements of the "Code",
• The recognition of science as a strategic
  national priority,
• The definition of science as a driving force for
  sustainable development,
• The need for financial support of scientific
  research, promotion of innovation and technology
  transfer as defining the conditions for solving
  the urgent problems of the country.

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• The General Assembly of the ASM discussed the
  strategy, priorities and objectives of science
  and innovation for yy. 2011-2014 and accordingly,
  it worked out a program for the scientific
  community containing 6 strategic directions, 11
  priorities and more than 70 objectives.

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The strategic directions for the next 4 years

• energy efficiency and assurance of energy
  security, including the use of renewable sources
  of energy nanotechnologies, industrial
  engineering, new materials biotechnologies in
  agriculture, sol fertility and assurance of food
  security biomedicine pharmaceutics, health and
  health strengthening mastering of human, natural
  and information resources for sustainable
  development.

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11 priorities in science and innovation for the
next 4 years

• energy security,
• nanotechnologies, multifunctional materials, new
  substances,
• new industrial technologies and engineering
  products,
• assurance of food security,
• health strengthening,
• environmental security,
• continuous education,
• knowledge economy,
• seismic safety
• information systems and technologies
• mastering cultural heritage, development of
  constitutional state.

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• Related to the mentioned above, the following
  main tasks of the ASM was to create technologies
  that will raise living standards of the Republic
  of Moldova and its security, export production,
  sustainable environment, including ecologically
  sustainable development of its territories.
• Solution of this problem is complex. Achieving
  the conditions under which the Moldavian science
  will effectively influence the economy, and,
  consequently, affect the living standards of each
  of its citizens was one of the main tasks of the
  Academy.

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• The level of development of any country is
  defined currently like the share of
  science-intensive technologies from the GDP. This
  is extremely important for Moldova that has no
  such natural resources, which could allow its
  economic existence. And for this it is necessary
  
• To create a network of scientific and
  technological innovation of firms providing
  legal, economic, consulting and other necessary
  conditions for the innovation process
• To define "growth points", that is the choice of
  optimal solutions scientific- technological tasks
  that could be the subject of a competitive
  knowledge-intensive goods
• Material interest of both science and business to
  participate in the innovation process, which
  calls for tax breaks for all parties involved in
  it.

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The science financing
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The science financing
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Dynamics of State Budget expenditures on science,
mln lei
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Dynamics of financing growth of science and
innovations of sphere according to the Agreement
between the Government and ASM ( from GDP)
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The basic programs and actions in the field of
innovative potential and technological progress
maintenance of Moldova include following
directions

• Creation and promotion of effective attraction
  mechanisms of high technologies
• Optimization of science and innovations sphere by
  creating scientific clusters, platforms, and also
  attraction of intellectual and techno-practical
  potential for the decision of corresponding
  problems of national economy and researches in
  sphere of small and average business
• Improvement of scientific institutes
  techno-material resources
• Improvement of national system scientific
  researches by stimulating participation in the
  main European and international programs research
  activity of the organizations from the field of
  science and innovations (FP7, EUREKA, COST,
  GEANT, CRDF, STCU)
• Science and innovations promotion by creation of
  scientifically-technological parks and innovative
  incubators, and also applications national and
  foreign researches in economic activities
  results

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The basic programs and actions in the field of
innovative potential and technological progress
maintenance of Moldova include following
directions

• The effective organization of science centre and
  laboratories
• Introduction in national statistics system of
  innovative incubators
• Promotion of financial resources access within
  the limits of intensive technological
  development, especially with the use of
  alternative financial tools (angels investors,
  capital seminal, micro-credite etc.)
• Reforming and development of scientifically-innova
  tive system in all areas investments attraction
  into development of universities which are more
  successful in research activity than ASM of RM
• Cooperation of universities and business
• Improvement of statistics by inclusion of real
  and concrete parameters of business sphere
• Creation of regional ideas incubators, with
  attraction of youth there
• Creation of uniform information system with
  databases about innovative projects, subjects of
  innovative activity, condition of supply and
  demand in the markets of innovative production
• Development of system ventures financing,
  creation and functioning.

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Thank you for your attention!??????? ??
????????!Va multumim pentru atentie!The
Institute of Economy, Finance and
StatisticsRepublic of MoldovaI. Creanga 45
str.Tel. [phone]Fax 373 22
743794iefs_at_iefs.mdwww.iefs.md