CHAPTER 7 SECTION 2

1
CHAPTER 7 SECTION 2
NEW YORK CITY, 1908

• THE PROBLEMS
• OF URBANIZATION

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URBANIZATION

• DEFINTION?
• THE GROWTH OF CITIES

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URBAN OPPORTUNITIES

• (OR WHY ARE CITIES SO BIG?)
• EMPLOYMENT
• HIGHER WAGES
• MORE VARIETY
• EDUCATION
• ETHNIC NEIGHBORHOODS
• CULTURE ENTERTAINMENT

4

• GOING
• TO THE
• MARKET
• PHILADELPHIA
• 1903

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URBAN RESIDENTS

• BORN IN CITIES STAYED
• FROM OTHER NATIONS
• 55 IN LARGEST CITIES

• FROM RURAL AREAS
• FARM MECHANIZATION

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URBAN RESIDENTS

• THE GREAT MIGRATION
• BLACKS FROM THE SOUTH TO THE NORTH

Black Population Trends Black Population Trends Black Population Trends
  1890s 1960s
Southern 90.3 10
Rural 90 5
Northern 9.7 90
Urban 10 95
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URBAN PROBLEMS

• HOUSING
• OVERCROWDING
• ROW HOUSES, DUMBBELL
• SKYSCRAPERS

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MORE URBAN PROBLEMS

• TRANSPORTATION
• FOOT HORSE
• ELECTRIC TROLLEY
• SUBWAY
• WATER / SANITATION
• DRINKING WATER, SEWAGE
• FIRE
• PROFESSIONAL (CIN. 1853)
• CRIME
• POLICE DEPT (NYC 1844)

9
REFORMERS MOBILIZE

• THE SOCIAL GOSPEL MOVEMENT
• APPLIED CHRISTIANITY
• HELP POOR, WORKING CLASS
• YMCA, SALVATION ARMY
• SETTLEMENT HOUSES
• PROVIDED ASSISTANCE
• EDUCATION
• SOCIAL WELFARE
• HULL HOUSE
• JANE ADDAMS