Chapter 7: New

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Chapter 7 New Old World Primates
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Prosimians (before apes)

• More primitive features as compared to monkeys
• Many are nocturnal
• Some have claws
• Locomotion is vertical clinging and leaping (VCL)

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• Two types
• Tarisiers, Lorises,Galagos, Aye-Aye, Pato, etc.

• Found in Asia and Africa
• Most primitive of the primates
• Nocturnal

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Lemurs

• Madagascar
• About 50 species
• Only diurnal prosimians (isolated from mainland
  and competition from monkeys

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Monkeys

• Hominoids
• Two kinds
• New World (the Americas)
• Old World (Africa, Europe Asia)
• New World
• Diverse (evolved without competition with
  prosimians or apes more niches to move into)
• Lack a TRUE opposable thumb
• Have a prehensile tail (Figure 7-10)

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New World Marmosets and Tamarins

• Polyandry
• Families with allomothering
• Small
• Many eat gum (tree sap)

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New World Monkeys

• Owl/Night Monkey only nocturnal monkey
• Eat leaves, fruits, insects
• Capuchins are tool users

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Old World Monkeys

• Langur (Asia), Colobus, Vervit, Baboons
  (Mandrils)
• Quadrupeds
• True Opposable Thumbs
• Tails are not Prehensile

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Apes

• Ape radiation in Africa and Asia about 15 million
  years ago during the Miocene
• About 10 14 mya most had become extinct
• Monkey species expand at this time
• Monkey ape niche competition?
• Some monkeys move into non-rainforest habitats,
  Apes didnt
• Apes are larger bodied than other primates
• Two kinds
• Lesser Apes (Siamangs and Gibbons in Asia)
• Great Apes (Chimps, Bonobos, Gorillas in Africa
  and Orangutans in Asia humans everywhere except
  Antarctica)