Alcohol Metabolism

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Alcohol Metabolism

• Break Down and Removal

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Small Amounts Unmetabolized (10)

• Sweat
• Urine
• Breath

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1st Pass Metabolism

• Occurs in the Stomach
• Gender Differences Exist Men have a gt level of
  ADH than women
• Early metabolism translates to lower BAC levels

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2nd Pass Metabolism

• Occurs in the Liver
• 1st liver enzyme--Alcohol Dehydrogenase
  (ADH)-----gt Acetaldehyde
• 2nd liver enzyme--Acetaldehyde Dehydrogenase----gt
  Acetic Acid
• Acetic Acid oxidized by body organs----gt CO2 H2O

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Blood Alcohol Concentration

• THE RATIO OF ALCOHOL IN THE BLOOD TO THE TOTAL
  VOLUME OF BLOOD EXPRESSED AS A PERCENT
• THE PERSUMPTIVE LEVEL OF INTOXICATION .10
• FOR A 160 LB. INDIVIDUAL EACH DRINK .02 note
  size

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PROBLEM

• If an individual weighing 160 lbs. consumes 2
  drinks per hour, what will his/her BAC level be
  at the end of that time?

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SOLUTION

• Hour 1 .02 .02 .04 - .02 .02
• Hour 2 .02 .02 .04 - .02 .02 .04
• Hour 3 .02 .02 .04 - .02 .04 .06
• Hour 4 .02 .02 .04 - .02 .06 .08
• Hour 5 .02 .02 .04 - .02 .06 .10 DUI

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ALCOHOLS EFFECT ON THE BODY

• DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
• IRRITANT
• INCREASING AMOUNTS IMPEDE OR STOP DIGESTION
• PYLORIC VALVE MAY BE EFFECTED STUCK

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ALCOHOLS EFFECT ON THE BODY

• CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
• MINOR EFFECTS
• HEARTBEAT BLOOD PRESSURE LITTLE EFFECT
• VASODILATOR OF SURFACE VESSELS
• BODY HEAT LOSS (HYPOTHERMIA)

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ALCOHOLS EFFECT ON THE BODY

• KIDNEYS
• INCREASED URINE OUTPUT
• CONSUMING LARGE QUANTITIES OF LIQUID
• REDUCES THE PITUITARY HORMONE ADH (ANTIDIRURETIC
  HORMONE)

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ALCOHOLS EFFECT ON THE BODY

• LIVER
• ELIMINATES LIVER PRODUCTION OF GLUCOSE CREATING
  HYPOGLYCEMIA
• BRAIN DEPRIVED OF PROPER NOURISHMENT
• WEAKNESS, NERVOUSNESS, SWEATY, HEADACHE, TREMORS
• FATTY LIVER

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ALCOHOLS EFFECT ON THE BODY

• WHITE BLOOD CELLS
• ACUTE ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION SUCH AS BINGE DRINKING
  HAS A DIRECT EFFECT ON
• WBC RESERVES
• CHEMOTAXIS
• WBC ADHERENCE TO BACTERIA

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ALCOHOLS EFFECT ON THE BODY

• CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
• 1 dk/hr BAC .02 little change
• 2 dk/hr BAC .05 drinker high, judgement center
  of brain affected, inhibitions lowered
• 3 dk/hr BAC .10 judgement is nil, muscle
  coordination depressed, stagger, slur speech

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ALCOHOLS EFFECT ON THE BODY

• 10 dk/hr BAC .20 emotions erractic, poor memory
• 1 pint/hr BAC .25 - .30 stuporus, judgement long
  gone, coordination wiped out, sensory perception
  almost gone
• 1.25 pints/hr BAC .40 coma, brain center which
  controls heart lungs partially anesthetized

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ALCOHOLS EFFECT ON THE BODY

• .40 - .50 coma
• .60 death

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