Living Things Need Energy

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Living Things Need Energy

• Chapter 18 Section 2

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Todays Objectives

• Science Objectives
• Describe the functions of producers, consumers,
  and decomposers in an ecosystem.
• Distinguish between a food chain a food web.
• Explain how energy flows through a food web.
• Distinguish between an organisms habitat and its
  niche.
• Reading Objective
• Summarization

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Producers

• use sunlight to make their food
• photosynthesis process used to make food
• plants
• some algae
• some bacteria

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Consumers

• eat producers and other organisms for energy
• cannot use the suns energy directly
• 4 types of consumers
• herbivore consumer that eats plants
• carnivore consumer that eats animals
• omnivore consumer that eats plants animals
• scavenger consumer that eats dead animals

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Decomposers

• break down dead organisms to get their energy
• sometimes called natures recyclers
• examples
• bacteria
• fungi

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Self Check

• Are you an herbivore, carnivore, or omnivore?

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Food Chains

• show how energy in food molecules flow from one
  organism to the next
• energy moves in one direction
• Very simple!

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Food Webs

• shows all of the possible energy pathways more
  accurately
• energy moves in one direction

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Energy Pyramids

• an organism uses most of the energy it consumes
  in its own life processes, but some energy is
  stored in its tissues
• there is a loss of energy at each level of a food
  chain
• at the top of the pyramid, energy is smaller than
  the bottom because available energy is reduced at
  each level
• most of the energy is either used or given off as
  heat
• only the energy stored in tissues can be used at
  the next level

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Habitat and Niche

• habitat the environment in which an organism
  lives
• address
• niche an organisms way of life in its
  ecosystem
• job within that address
• habitat
• food
• predators
• competition
• biotic factors
• abiotic factors

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Self Check

• Is your attendance at school a characteristic of
  your habitat or your niche?

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Closure

• 3 List 3 examples of consumers
• 2 List 2 things that make up an organisms
  niche.
• 1 List 1 difference between a food chain and a
  food web.