Canada in the Post-War World

1
Canada in the Post-War World

• Canadas contributions to the UN

2
Peacekeeping

• Canadas peacekeeping role has evolved over the
  50 years of their involvement.
• We support and participate in peace operations
  led by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
  (NATO), the European Union (EU) and the African
  Union (AU).
• 'Peace operations' is a simple label for a huge
  range of connected military, diplomatic and
  humanitarian tasks, such as
• reforming justice and security systems,
• disarming and demobilizing troops,
• reintegrating them into peaceful pursuits,
• supporting humanitarian assistance.

3

• Tens of thousands of Canadians have served in
  more than 40 separate peacekeeping missions.
• More than 100 Canadians have died in peacekeeping
  operations and hundreds more have been wounded.
• Canada has always been a strong supporter of the
  United Nations (UN) and of peacekeeping, and has
  participated in almost every mission since its
  inception.
• As of early 2006, women constituted approximately
  1 of military personnel and 4 of police
  personnel in UN peacekeeping 30 of
  international civilian staff and 28 of
  nationally recruited civilian staff are women.

4
(No Transcript)
5

• As of June30th, 2006, there are more than 90,000
  personnel serving on 18 UN Department of
  Peacekeeping Operations (DPKO) on four continents
  in ten time zones.
• 64,200 of those currently serving are troops and
  military observers
• 7,500 are police personnel.
• 5,250 international civilian personnel,
• more than 11,300 are local civilian staff
• 1,720 UN Volunteers

6
Korean Conflict

• Officially termed a police action by the
  Americans, the Korean Conflict was a battle
  between communist North, and democratic South.
• War broke out in the 1950s when North Korea
  attempted to invade South Korea.
• It is called Canada's "Forgotten War."
• Over 500 Canadians died in the United Nations'
  struggle to repel the communist forces that
  invaded South Korea on June 25, 1950.
• It took the Canadian government 40 years to
  recognize the efforts of the 27,000 Canadians.
• http//archives.cbc.ca/war_conflict/korean_war/top
  ics/112/

7
Suez Crisis

• The Suez Canal links the Mediterranean and Red
  seas.
• Originally privately owned by British and French
  investors.
• In 1956 the Egyptian president took over the
  canal.
• This frightened neighboring Israel, as Egypt
  threatened to bar ships to and from Israel.
• Britain and France supported Israel.
• The UN Security Council had called a halt to
  hostilities, but Britain and France didnt listen
  and sent in troops.

8
(No Transcript)
9

• The Soviet Union supported Egypt and immediately
  gave them financial aid and missiles.
• The US was mad at Britain and France for not
  asking permission to attack Egypt, but supported
  all efforts against the Soviet Union.
• Canadas Lester B. Pearson when to the UN and
  proposed that the UN Emergency Force be sent to
  the Suez Canal to separate and mediate the
  conversations between the rival armies.
• With the arrival of the UNEF, the fighting
  between the combatants halted and a ceasefire was
  achieved.
• For his part in resolving the Suez Crisis,
  Pearson was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

10
Canadian Peacekeeping Missions

• 1940-present Arab-Israeli and India-Pakistan
  conflicts.
• 1950 to 1953 the Korean War
• 1956 Suez Crisis (Egypt)
• 1958 Lebanon
• 1960-64 Congo
• 1964-Present Cyprus
• 1973-79 Egypt (Israeli vs Egypt tension)
• 1974-present Syria
• More than 12,000 Canadians have served there
• 1978 present Lebanon
• 1988-90 Afghanistan

11

• 1988-91 Persian Gulf (The Gulf War)
• More than 4,000 Canadian Forces personnel served
  in the tense Persian Gulf region as part of the
  international coalition of countries
• 1990-91 Haiti
• 1991-95 El Salvador
• Canada sends contingent to observer mission to
  monitor ceasefire following El Salvadors 12 year
  civil war.
• 1992-95 Somalia
• The mission gains attention and becomes a
  national scandal referred to as the Somalia
  Affair after Canadian soldiers are convicted of
  torture, assault and murder of Somali civilians.
• 1993-94 Rwanda
• This mission met significant hurdles as UN troops
  witnessed the slaughter of nearly 800,000 Rwandans

12
Security Council

• The Security Council is the main organ
  responsible for maintaining global peace and
  security.
• It has 5 permanent members
• China,
• France,
• Russia (which assumed the Soviet Union's seat),
• United Kingdom
• United States
• 10 members elected by the General Assembly.
• Canada served a two-year term from January 1,
  1999, to December 31, 2000 as a non-permanent
  member this was the sixth time since 1948 that
  Canada has sat on the Security Council.

http//video.tvguide.com/World/NoUNseatforCana
da/6541064
13
UN Agencies

• Canada is among the top ten donors,
  providing over US600 million dollars a year in
  core and program funding to the UN System of
  funds, programs and agencies, such as
• UN Development Program,
• UNICEF
• World Health Organization,