Andrew Jackson

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Andrew Jackson 1767 - 1845
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Essential Question
WAS ANDREW JACKSON
Champion of the Common Man?
KingAndrew?
OR
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What were the democratic trends in the 19th
century?
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Voting Requirements What were the requirements
in order to be elegible to vote?
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Voter Turnout 1820 - 1860
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Why were more people voting?

• White male suffrage (voting) increased
• Party nominating committees.
• Voters chose their states slate of Presidential
  electors.
• Spoils system if you were loyal to the party you
  could be given a job after winning the election.
• Rise of Third Parties.
• Popular campaigning (parades, rallies, floats,
  etc.)
• Two-party system returned in the 1832 election
• Dem-Reps ? Natl. Reps.(1828) ? Whigs
  (1832) ? Republicans (1854)
• Democrats (1828)

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Jackson's Early Life
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Andrew Jacksons Early Life

• His father died two weeks before he was born.
• Jackson joined the Continental army when he was
  just a boy.
• He lost both of his brothers during the American
  Revolution.
• His mother died when he was 14.
• He was self educated and acquired a fortune by
  speculating in land
• He taught himself the law and practiced it in
  Tennessee

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First Known Painting of Jackson, 1815
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General Jackson During the Seminole Wars
He became famous as an Indian Fighter on the
frontier. He had an intense hatred for the
British And the Native Americans
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Jackson's First Presidential Run
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The Common MansPresidential Candidate
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Jacksons Opponents in 1824
Henry ClayKY
John Quincy AdamsMA
William H. CrawfordGA
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Results of the 1824 Election
A Corrupt Bargain?
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What were the key issues in 1828?
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Rachel Jackson
Andrew Jackson and his wife Rachel were accused
of bigamy because when they married she was not
legally divorced from her first husband
Some say the scandal killed Rachel who died
before Andrew Jackson was inaugurated President
Final Divorce Decree
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Jackson in Mourning for His Wife
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1828 Election Results
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The Center of Population in theCountry Moves WEST
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The New Jackson Coalition Who supported Jackson?

• The Planter Elite in the South
• People on the Frontier
• State Politicians spoils system
• Immigrants in the cities.

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Jacksons Faith in the Common Man

• Intense distrust of Easternestablishment,
  monopolies, special privilege.
• His heart soul was with theplain folk.
• Belief that the common man was capable of
  uncommon achievements.

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The Reign of King Mob
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Andrew Jackson as President
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The Peggy Eaton Affair
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The Nullification Issue
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The Webster-Hayne Debate
Sen. Daniel WebsterMA
Sen. Robert HayneSC
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1830
Webster Liberty and Union, now and
forever, one and inseparable.
Jackson Our Federal Unionit must be
preserved.
Calhoun The Union, next to our liberty,
most dear.
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The Tariff Issue
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1832 Tariff Conflict

• 1828 --gt Tariff of Abomination
• 1832 --gt new tariff
• South Carolinas reaction?
• Jacksons response?
• Clays Compromise Tariff?

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Jackson's Native-American Policy
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Objective To examine the causes and effects of
the Indian Removal Act.

• Why are there Cherokee communities today in both
  Oklahoma and in the American Southeast?

• Why are there so many more Cherokees in Oklahoma
  than in other areas of the country?

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(No Transcript)
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The Indian Removal Act
In 1830, Congress passed the Indian Removal
Act, which forced Native Americans to move to
lands west of the Mississippi River.
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U.S. Production of All Types of Raw Cotton,
1790-1860
Year Pounds
1790 1,567,000
1795 8,359,500
1800 36,572,500
1805 73,145,000
1810 88,819,000
1815 104,493,000
1820 167,189,000
1825 266,457,500
1830 365,726,000
1835 530,355,500
1840 673,116,000
1845 902,111,500
1850 1,066,925,500
1855 1,608,708,500
1860 1,918,701,000
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The state of Georgia began to take land
belonging to the Cherokee nation, in order to
provide more land for farmers.
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U.S. Treaty With the Cherokee Nation 1791
ARTICLE I. There shall be perpetual peace and
friendship between all the citizens of the United
States of America, and all the individuals
composing the whole Cherokee nation of Indians.
ARTICLE VII. The United States solemnly guarantee
to the Cherokee nation, all their lands not
hereby ceded.
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U.S. Treaty With the Cherokee Nation 1791
ARTICLE VIII. If any citizen of the United
Statesshall settle on any of the Cherokees'
lands, such person shall forfeit the protection
of the United States, and the Cherokees may
punish him or not, as they please.
ARTICLE IX. nor shall any citizen or inhabitant
go into the Cherokee country, without a passport
first obtained from the Governor of some one of
the United States, or territorial districts, or
such other person as the President of the United
States may from time to time authorize to grant
the same.
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The Cherokees brought the state of Georgia to
court.
Opinion of the United States Supreme
Court Delivered by Mr. Chief Justice Marshall in
the case of Samuel A. Worcester vs The State of
Georgia, January, 1832 (excerpt)
The Supreme Court decided in favor of the
Cherokees in the1832 case of Worcester v. Georgia.
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• However, Pres. Andrew Jackson allowed the state
  of Georgia to continue to seize Cherokee land.

• Jackson stated, John Marshall (the Chief
  Justice) has made his decision. Now let him
  enforce it.

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In 1838, forced at gunpoint by the U.S. Army,
the Cherokees marched from Georgia to a
reservation in Oklahoma.
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Thousands of Cherokees died on the journey,
which became known as the Trail of Tears.
I fought through the War Between the States and have seen many men shot, but the Cherokee Removal was the cruelest work I ever knew. - Georgia soldier who participated in the removal

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Indian Removal
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Jacksons Professed Love forNative Americans
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Renewing the Charter of the 1st National Bank
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The National Bank Debate
PresidentJackson
NicholasBiddle
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The Downfall of Mother Bank
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An 1832 Cartoon KingAndrew?
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1832 Election Results
Main Issue?
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The 1836 Election Results
Martin Van Buren Old KinderhookO. K.
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The Panic of 1837 Spreads Quickly!
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Andrew Jackson in Retirement
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Photo of Andrew Jackson in 1844(one year before
his death)
1767 - 1845