Energia

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ENERGY
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Energy

• Energy is a fundamental physical quantity,
  describing the ability of a material body to
  perform a specific work. The processes in which
  one kind of energy turns into another (eg when
  electric heater heats, charges in the spiral may
  turn into internal energy of surrounding air and
  the radiator internal energy) is always
  associated with some sort of interactions
  describing these forces work impact is equal to
  the amount of changed energy.

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Do we need energy?

• Energy has always been and will be needed for
  people in their lives. Its use may be different,
  but above all we need it to produce electricity
  for transportation, heating homes and
  illumination.

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Sources of energy

• Primary energy sources are
• Conventional sources (organic)
• fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas)
• nuclear fuel,
• geothermal energy,
• renewable energy sources.

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Sources of energy

• For renewable energy sources are included
• solar energy,
• water,
• wind,
• tidal and wave,
• and biomass energy.

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Thermal Energy

• Thermal energy is part of the internal energy
  system, which is associated with the chaotic
  motion of molecules. A measure of thermal energy
  is temperature.
• Processing of thermal energy into electricity is
  the subject of termoenergetics. The exchange of
  energy between systems through the chaotic motion
  of molecules or atoms is called a heat exchange.

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Electricity

• Electricity is the energy of electric charges -
  and its electrodynamic, if they move, or
  electrostatic, if they are at rest.
• In practice, the electrical energy means
  electrical energy. It can be converted into
  energy of electromagnetic radiation (light bulb,
  LED luminescence, Electric heating device), or
  mechanical energy (electric motors, speakers).

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Mechanical energy

• Mechanical energy is the energy associated with
  the movement of mechanical system as a whole or
  its individual parts to each other.
• Types of mechanical energy
• kinetic energy - which applies to bodies in
  motion
• potential energy - associated with the
  interaction.

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Potential energy

• Potential energy called the energy of body, which
  remains at rest.
• There are two types of potential energy
• gravitational potential energy - for example, the
  body can be exited at any height
• and potential energy of elasticity, such as shot
  clock.

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Kinetic energy

• Kinetic energy is energy of a body moving in
  relation to a reference point. The kinetic energy
  which is held by the body can be converted into
  other forms of energy, or it can be transferred
  to another body (eg by collision with him). The
  kinetic energy can be consumed to perform some
  work, for example, set in motion another body, or
  overcome friction.

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Internal energy

• Internal energy of body is the sum of kinetic
  energy of all its particles which are in chaotic
  movement and their potential energy resulting
  from mutual intermolecular force. Inner energy of
  the body changes while doing work when you
  overcome the force of friction such as rubbing
  hands.

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Nuclear energy

• Nuclear energy is the energy emitted during
  nuclear transformations. The liberation of
  nuclear energy is the fission of heavy atomic
  nucleus, consisting of protons and neutrons into
  two nuclei of lighter elements, releasing heat
  due to weight loss and freeing from 0 to 8
  neutrons. Emitted neutrons can hit other nuclei,
  which undergo fission. As a result, more and more
  free neutrons come into being and more nuclei of
  heavy atoms are split, which increases the
  portion of energy.

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Binding energy

• Binding energy is the energy needed to separate
  the system to its component parts.
• This term is usually used in nuclear physics and
  relates to the atomic nucleus. Binding energy of
  atomic nucleus determines the energy required to
  separate the nucleus of protons and neutrons.
  Binding energy is an important criterion in
  determining the stability of the atomic nucleus.

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Hydropower

• Hydropower energy deals with the acquisition of
  water energy and its processing into the
  mechanical and electrical energy using water
  engines (turbines) and hydrogenerators (eg mills)
  in hydros, and other devices.

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Solar energy

• Solar energy can be direct source of energy
  through the use of so-called solar cells. Solar
  cell is a flat plate consisting of two very thin
  layers. The sun's rays falling on the cell give
  rise to electric current which is sent to the
  electric circuits or batteries. Solar cells are
  constantly being improved. Maybe in the future
  they will be deployed on vast areas of desert
  because of its high heat. In this way, the energy
  obtained in these areas would be sent to
  recipients in other countries.

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