Pest Risk Analysis (PRA) Training

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Pest Risk Analysis (PRA) Training
International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC)
CFIA-ACIA
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International Steering Committee
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Aims

• Provide participants with an understanding of the
  purpose of PRA
• Develop skills to conduct PRA
• Provide hands-on experience in PRA
• Provide international examples
• Develop self-confidence in PRA

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Course Materials

• Participants Manual
• Group Exercise Manual
• Slides and Presentations Manual
• International Standards for Phytosanitary
  Measures No. 1-24

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What to Expect

• Lectures and Discussions
• Practical Exercises
• Interactive
• Provide your input

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The International Plant Protection
Convention(IPPC)
Pest Risk Analysis (PRA) Training
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Outline

• The Convention (IPPC)
• Scope
• Key Principles
• Standard setting

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Outline

• The Convention (IPPC)
• Scope
• Key Principles
• PRA Standards

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What is the IPPC?

• Multilateral treaty for international cooperation
  in plant protection
• Nearly 160 countries
• From Albania to Zambia
• A standard setting organization

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Aim of the IPPC

• Prevent introduction spread of pests
• Promote fair safe trade
• Protect plant life

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Scope of the IPPC

• IPPC covers wide range of plants protects them
  from a wide range of pests
• plants cultivated plants and wild flora
• plant pests invertebrates, diseases and weeds
• harm includes direct indirect effects

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Scope of the IPPC

• Extends to items capable of harbouring or
  spreading pests, such as
• storage places
• conveyances
• Includes intentional introductions of organisms,
  such as
• biological control organisms
• research, industrial or other organisms

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Key principles

• Countries have the right to use phytosanitary
  measures
• Measures should be
• only applied when necessary
• technically justified
• no more restrictive than necessary to address
  risk
• non-discriminatory
• transparent

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Obligations

• National Plant Protection Organization (NPPO)
• Regulate imports
• Publish phytosanitary requirements
• Conduct surveillance, treatments and certify
  exports
• Share information on pests and regulations
• Notify trading partners of non-compliance

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International Plant Protection Convention
Plant protection safe trade
Transparent
All types of plants
IPPC
Justified
All types of pests
Consistent with level of risk
Other pathways
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World Trade Organization (WTO)

• Responsible for establishing rules of trade
  between nations
• IPPC is the recognized international standard
  setting body for plant health under the WTO-SPS

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WTO - SPS Agreement

• Phytosanitary measures should be
• consistent with international standards
• justified by scientific principles and evidence
• harmonized to the extent possible
• transparent / notified / non-discriminatory
• only as restrictive as necessary to meet the
  appropriate level of protection

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International regulatory framework
IPPC
The IPPC makes provision for trade in a plant
protection agreement...
the SPS makes complementary provisions for plant
protection in a trade agreement
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Other international agreements

• Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
• Protecting biodiversity
• Invasive alien species
• Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety
• Genetically modified organisms

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International regulatory framework
IPPC
CBD
Protecting biological diversity
Plant protection
Cartagena Protocol
LMOs
Trade
Trade
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International regulatory framework
Plant protection
IPPC
CBD
LMOs
Biological diversity
Trade
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Focus on IPPC
Standards Setting
IPPC
Commission on Phytosanitary Measures
Information Sharing
Technical Assistance
Secretariat
Expert Working Groups
Technical Panels
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Commission on Phytosanitary Measures (CPM)

• Governing body for the IPPC, works by consensus
• Reviews global plant protection needs and sets
  the annual work programme
• Develops and adopts International Standards for
  Phytosanitary Measures (ISPMs)
• Promotes technical assistance and information
  exchange

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International Standards for Phytosanitary
Measures (ISPMs)

• ISPMs
• provide guidance to member countries in
  implementing national programs and fulfilling
  requirements of the IPPC
• may be very general (e.g., Glossary, Principles
  etc.), or highly specific (e.g., Pest status,
  Solid wood packaging etc.)

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Diversity of ISPMs
Country Consultation in 2006
Specific Issues
General Guidelines
No. 6 surveillance No. 17 pest reporting No.
23 - inspection
Debarked bark-free wood Low pest prevalence
for fruit flies Treatments for regulated pests
No. 1 principles No. 5 glossary of terms No.
19 pest lists
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PRA

• Key to adhering to IPPC principles is application
  of pest risk analysis as a decision-making
  process
• Impacts on all aspects of phytosanitary programs
  import, domestic programs, exports
• Guidance provided in ISPMs

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PRA-specific ISPMs

• ISPM No. 2
• Framework for pest risk analysis, revision for
  approval by CPM in March 2007
• ISPM No. 3
• Guidelines for the export, shipment, import and
  release of biological control agents and other
  beneficial organisms, 2005
• ISPM No. 11
• Pest risk analysis for quarantine pests including
  analysis of environmental risks and living
  modified organisms, 2004
• ISPM No. 21
• Pest risk analysis for regulated non-quarantine
  pests

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PRA-specific ISPMs

• ISPM No. 2
• Framework for pest risk analysis (2007)
• ISPM No. 3
• Guidelines for the export, shipment, import and
  release of biological control agents and other
  beneficial organisms, 2005
• ISPM No. 11
• Pest risk analysis for quarantine pests including
  analysis of environmental risks and living
  modified organisms, (2004)
• ISPM No. 21
• Pest risk analysis for regulated non-quarantine
  pests

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IPPC

• IPPC is global
• Aim is to protect plants, prevent spread of
  pests, promote trade
• Measures applied only when necessary, technically
  justified, no more restrictive than necessary,
  non-discriminatory, transparent
• PRA supports principles of IPPC
• ISPMs provide guidance