Classical Conditioning

1
Classical Conditioning

• Pavlovs paired associations
• S-gtR
• Spontaneous Recovery
• Generalization/discrimination
• Habituation
• Higher Order Conditioning
• Superstitious Behavior
• Extinction

2
Classical Conditioning
Classical Conditioning S-R Paradigm Unconditioned
Stimulus Conditioned Stimulus Response Conditioned
Response Extinction Spontaneous
Recovery Generalization/Discrimination Habituation
Context effects
3
Operant Conditioning
Behavior -gtResponse-gtConsequence Reinforcers or
Punishers Satiation and Potency Positive
Reinforcement Negative Reinforcement Presentation
Punishment Removal Punishment Schedules of
Reinforcement, Interval and Ratio, Fixed and
Variable. Learned Helplessness
4
Application

• List 5 things that you are classically
  conditioned to respond to.
• List 5 things that you have taught your students
  to respond to.
• List 3 situations of instrumental conditioning in
  your life, in your classroom life.

5
How might behavioral theory be used in the
classroom?
6
Applications of Behavioral Theory

• Premack Principle
• Contracts
• Generalization and Discrimination
• Feedback
• Praise
• Looking at Antecedents
• Cues
• Shaping
• Token economies

7
Which Schedule is it?

• A teacher informs her class that they have thirty
  addition problems to complete. After each
  successive problem completion of ten problems,
  the student will be given a token. Each token may
  be used to pick one item from the treat box.
• A teacher decided to reward on-task behavior of
  students during study time. Using a timer, he
  recognizes on task behavior on the following
  schedule 3 minutes, 6 minutes, 8 minutes, 1
  minute.
• A student just beginning to learn a new behavior.
  His teacher decided to recognize this behavior
  every time that it is displayed.
• The same student becomes more proficient.
  Therefore, the teacher decides to recognize the
  behavior every third time that it occurs.

8
Effects of Punishment

• Does not eliminate behavior. Punished responses
  may cease temporarily but recur at a later time.
• Punishment produces emotional effects--guilt, as
  conditioned to the setting where the punishment
  occurred.
• Behaviors related to reducing or avoiding
  punishment will be reinforced.
• Punishment does not illustrate or teach the
  desired behavior.
• Punishment may model aggression.
• Punishment that is removed from the act is
  ineffective.
• Corporal punishment may be physically harmful.
• Motive for corporal punishment is often the
  punishers anger.