5.1.1 CMOS 4000??

1
?5? ??????????

2
?5? ??????????

• 5.1 ?????????????
• 5.1.1 CMOS 4000??
• 5.1.2 TTL 74??
• 5.1.3 ?????
• 5.1.4 ?????????????????
• 5.1.5 ????
• 5.1.6 ????
• 5.2 555???
• 5.2.1 555????????
• 5.2.2 555???????????
• 5.2.3 555???????????

• 5.3 ????
• 5.3.1 ????74LS194??
• 5.3.2 ???????
• 5.3.3 ??
• 5.3.4 ????
• 5.4 ?????
• 5.4.1 ????74LS148??
• 5.4.2 ???????
• 5.5 ???
• 5.5.1 ????74LS90??
• 5.5.2 ???????
• 5.6 ???????
• 5.6.1 ????74LS190??
• 5.6.2 ???????

3

• ???????????,???????????,?????????????,????
  ??????????????????????????????????????????????,???
  ???????????????????????,?????????????????????????
  ???????????????????,??ROM?
  PLA?PAL?GAL?????????
• ?????????????????????,???Proteus?????????
  ????????????

4
5.1 ?????????????

• ??Proteus?????,?????????????????,????????
  ?????????????????????????????,????????????????????
  ??????????????????,?????

5
5.1.1 CMOS 4000??

• ?????????,??????????CMOS 4000
  series,?CMOS 4000????,??5-1??,?????????CMOS??,????
  ??,???????????,??????????????

6
?5-1 CMOS 4000????
7

• 4000???74??????,??4000???4511?74???7448??
  ,??BCD????????,???????,??5-2??????????,??4?5??????
  ???????,?????????????????????????????????????,????
  ?????????????????

8

?5-2 BCD????????4511?7448
9
4000?????????,??5-3??,?74???????,??5-1???
? ? ? ?
Adders ???
Buffers Drivers ???????
Comperators ???
Counters ???
Decoders ???
Encoders ???
Flip-Flops Latches ???????
Frequency Dividers Timers ???????
Gates Inverters ???????
Memory ???
Misc. Logic ??????
Multiplexers ???
Multivibrators ?????
Phase-Locked-Loops(PLL) ???
Registers ???
Signal Switches ????
10

• ??,????????????,??5-3??Fairchild?Miccochi
  p?Texas Instruments?????????

?5-3 4000???????
11
5.1.2 TTL 74??

• TTL74????????????????5-4??????,?????????
  ???,??7400?74LS00?????

?5-4 TTL 74??
12

• ?????????,????????????????,?????????????
  ,???????????Keywords???????,?????????????,??
  5-5???

?5-5 ?????????
13
5.1.3 ?????

• ??????Proteus?????????Data
  Converters??,??5-6?????????????8??????(?ADC0809)?
  8??????(?DAC0808)?LF??????MAX????????????AD???
  ???I2C??????????????TC74???SPI????????TC72?TC77???
  ??????

14
?5-6 ?????????????
15
5.1.4 ?????????????????

• ???????????????????Proteus?????????
  PLDs FPGAs??,??????,???????,????????,??5-7???

?5-7 ????????????????????
16
5.1.5 ????

• ??????????????????Proteus?????????Optoele
  ctronics??,??5-8???

?5-8 ????
17

• ???????,???????7SEG-,????????,????????,
  ???Keywords???7SEG-??,???????????????????
• ??,?5-8???????????????BCD????,?????BCD?
  ,???????????????????????????,??????????7447??????
  ????????????????,??????????????7448?
• ?????????????????,??5-9???????????,??5
  -2???

?5-9 ???????
18
?5-2 ???????
? ? ? ?
LCD Controllers ?????
LEDs ?????
Optocouplers ?????
Serial LCDs ???????
? ? ? ?
7-Segment Displays ????
Alphanumeric LCDs ??????
Bargraph Displays ????(??)
Dot Matrix Displays ????
Graphical LCDs ??????
Lamps ??
19

• ????????LEDs????????5-10????????ACTIVE??
  ??????DEVICE?????,????,?????????,ACTIVE???????????
  ?,?DEVICE????,??????????????,??DEVICE??????

?5-10 ??LEDs ????
20

• Bargraph Displays?????????????,??5-11?
  ????????????,?????????LED??????????,???????????,??
  ???????????????????????,?????????

?5-11 ????
21
5.1.6 ????

• ??????????????????Proteus?????????Debugg
  ing Tools??,???????,??5-12???
• ??????????????LOGICPROBEBIG(????????)???
  ??LOGICSTATE???????LOGICTOGGLE(????????)??????????

22
?5-12 ????
23

• ??????????????,???????????,???????,??5-13
  ???

?5-13 ??????????????
24
5.2 555 ? ? ?

• 555???????????????????,??????????????????
  ?????????????,??????????555???????????????,???????
  ???????555?????????516V,???????200mA?CMOS?7555???
  ??????318V,???????4mA?
• ?????555????????????????????????

25
5.2.1 555????????

• 555??????????5K?????????????????5-14,??4
  ???????U1?U2???????,????????U3?U4????????????????
  ???,??????????,??????????????,U5??????,????Q1????
  ,???1????,????????????????????????

26
?5-14 555???????????
27

• ????????????????,????5K?????8??????Vcc???
  ?,??U1?????U2???????2Vcc/3?Vcc/3?555??????????????
  ???????????????5-3???

?5-3 555????????????
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
??(4) VI1(6) VI2(2) VO(3) Q1 ??
? ? ? ? ??
? gt2VCC/3 gtVCC/3 ? ??
? lt2VCC/3 gtVCC/3 ?? ??
? lt2VCC/3 ltVCC/3 ? ??
? gt2VCC/3 ltVCC/3 ? ??
28
5.2.2 555???????????

• 555????????????????????????????,?3?????
  ??,?????,??5-15??

?5-15 555???????????
29

• ?555??????8????1???????????R4?R5???C2??5
  55????6??2?(???????????????????)????,?????C2??,???
  ???????????????C2?????,?????????2Vcc/3?Vcc/3??,???
  ??,?Q1??????7???R5??,???????,C2??R5?????R4?R5?C2??
  ???,???????,???3??????
• ????????,C2???CAPACITOR(ACTIVE?)??,??U
  5???LOGICPROBEBIG???????,???????????Q1????????
  

30

• ????????????????????????????,??????????,??
  ?????,??????,?????????,???????????
• ????????,????,??????????????????,??????
  ?????
• ???????????????????,?????,???C2??????
  ???Vc???5K???????????V2/3?V1/3????Vout??????,?????
  ???????????

31

• ????????????????????,??????GRAPHS??MI
  XED(??)?,??5-16???
• ???????????????????????,????????,??5-17
  ???

?5-17 ?????
?5-16 ??????
32

• ??5-17??????,?????????,????5-18??????,??
  ?????????555 ANALYSIS????????????6??????555?????
  ???1?,?????6???,????????????

?5-18 ????????
33

• ?????????????,??????????????,??????????
  ??,Vc?Vout???????????,????????????,???????????????
  ???,???????????????Vc?Vout????????,???????????????
  ????????????????,??Add Traces,????????????????A
  nalog ???,?Probe P1???????,??Vc,??5-19??,??OK,?
  ????????????,???????Analog,?Probe P1???Vout?
• ?Space???????????,????????????

34
?5-19 ??????????
35

• ????????????????,???????,??,???????????
  ,?????????,????????????
• 555???????????????????

??
36

• ???????5-15????????1Hz?
• ????????????????????????5-20?????????????
  5-21???

?5-20 ???555???????????
37
?5-21 ???????????
38
5.2.3 555???????????

• 555???????????,????????????,?????Tw????????
  ??

?5-22?????????????R1?????????????,?????????,??????
???Tw???????????????????5-23??,?????????????????,?
???????
39
?5-22 555????????
40
?5-23 555?????????????
41
5.3 ? ? ? ?

• ?????????????????????,??Proteus??????????
  ?????????????
• ??????,????????,???????12?
• ??????????????,?4?
• ??????????????,?4?,?????
• ??4??????????????,??4??

42
5.3.1 ????74LS194??

• ???????????????????????74LS194?????,????
  ???????????74LS194??????5-24???

?5-24 74LS194???
?5-24???MR?????,??????????CLK?????,?????????74LS1
94??????5-25???
43
?5-25 74LS194????
44

• 74LS194???????,???S1S0????????????,??5-4??
  ?

?5-4 74LS194???????
S1S0 ??Q0Q3 ????
00 ????
01 ?? SR
10 ?? SL
11 ???? D0D3
45

• 74LS194?????5-5???

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
?? ?? ?? ?? ?? Q0Q1Q2Q3 ? ?
CP Cr S1S0 DSLDSR D0D1D2D3 Q0Q1Q2Q3 ? ?
X 0 X X X X XXXX 0000 ??
? 1 1 1 X X D0D1D2D3 D0D1D2D3 ??
? 1 1 0 D X XXXX Q1Q2Q3D ??
? 1 0 1 X D XXXX DQ0Q1Q2 ??
? 1 0 0 X X XXXX Q0Q1Q2D3 ??
?5-5 74LS194????
46
5.3.2 ???????

• ??????????74LS194?Q0Q3?,SR???????,SL???
  ???,?D0D3????1???????????????????S1S0????????????
  ?????
• ??????4?,?????12??????CLK???1s?????,????
  ??,?????????,????????????????5-26????CLK???1Hz????
  ????

?5-26 ???CLK???1Hz???????
47

• ????????D0D3?1Hz?????,??Q0Q3??D0D3???
  ???CLK?????????,??5-26?????,??????,CLK????????????
  ?????,???????,???????????,?74LS194??????11?,?????C
  LK??????D0D3?????2?,????D0D3????????CLK??????,Q0
  Q3????1?0???,??5-26??????
• ???????????12???????8??1Hz???,?4???2Hz?
  ??,???555?????2Hz?????,??D???????1Hz?????,??5-27??
  ?????????????????????CLK???

48
?5-27 ?555???2Hz?1Hz????
49

• ??????S1S0????????????????S1S0?00???,??S
  1S0??01?10?11?????,??????????,?????4?,??????S1?S0?
  ?????5-28???S1S0????????????????,????????1Hz?2Hz??
  ,?????????????,???????????,??5-26??

?5-28 S1?S0????
50

• S1S0??????????????,????,????????????????,
  ????D????????????????,?????4????????
• (1) ???????
• ?S1S0???????????Q1Q0,????????5-6???

?5-6 74?????
Q1n Q0n Q1n1 Q0n1
0 0
0 1 1 0
1 0 1 1
1 1 0 1
51

• (2) ??????
• ??????????,????Q1?Q0??????

(3) ??????
?D??????????????????
52
(4) ?????
??????,??????5-29??????????????????????,??????D???
????????????4??????????????????????????,????
?5-29 ??S1S0?????????
53
5.3.3 ??

• ??????,??????5-30??,?????555??????,?????
  ??????????,????D??????????????????????????????????
  ???????????,????????????
• ??????????,?????????????,??????????,????
  ?????????,?????????????????????????????????,??????
  ?,???????,???????????????????????????????,????????
  ,???????,???????????5-30??U4B?U4C?U4D??????????
  ???????

54
?5-30 ????????
55
5.3.4 ????

• ?????????????,??????????????,??????????
  ?????????74LS194????????????,????????????,????????
  ??????????????,?????????,???????,????,????????????
  ?????,???????????,?????????,??????????????????(??
  ????????),???????(???????????????????????????)????
  ?????,?????????????
• ????????????????????????????,??????????
  ?,???,?????????????????,???,?8????????????,?????
  ?24??
• ????????????????,???????????????,???????
  74LS194???????,???????????????????????????S1S0????
  ????????????????
• ?5-31?????????????

56
?5-31 ????????
57

• ???74190?????????????????,???????????????
  ?,?????0100?,????0001,????0001?0010?0011? 0001?
• 74190?Q1Q0??????74LS194?????????S1S0,???7
  4LS194?S1?S0????????????????74190??????????
• ???????74LS194????????????????????,??????
  ??????????????????D3D2D1D0?????????????????????,??
  ?????????????????????????????????????,????????????
  ??SR??,?????????????Q3??????SR,??????????????????
  Q0???????????Q3????????,??????????SL,?????Q0??????
  SL???5-31?,??????????????74LS194????

58
5.4 ?????

• ??????????,???????????????????
• ???????????,??????????,??????
• ????????????18,???????????
• ?????????,?????????,?????????????,????????
  ????,????????
• ?????????,???????????????????

59
5.4.1 ????74LS148??

• ??????,?????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????????
• ?????????????????????,??????????BCD?,??
  ?????8-3??????74LS148????????????????????,????????
  ????????74LS148??????5-32???

?5-32 74LS148????
60

• EI????,??????EO?GS????,?????EI??,??????,?
  ?????????????,?EO????,GS????????????????,?EO????,
  GS????????????????????
• ?????7????????EI???,????????????5-7???

?5-7 74LS148?????????
? ? ??(6?7?9)
7?? 000
6?? 001
5?? 010
4?? 011
3?? 100
2?? 101
1?? 110
0?? 111
61
5.4.2 ???????

• ?????????????????????,????74LS148????????
  ?????????????????????,??????,??????????????,??????
  ?????,????????,???????????,?74LS148?????????????,?
  ????????
• ??????????5-33??,??????????????
• 1. ????
• ?????????????????,????????????74LS148???
  ???,S1S7??????17,?S8????0?,?S8?????8??????????
  17????????????????

62

• ??D?????????,????????,???????????RS????
  ????D????????S??????????,????????????????????????R
  ??????D???U5B??,?????????
• ??S8?????74LS148???0?,??????????,?????
  ???????????0???,??????????????0?????,????????S8???
  ?U5A??74LS47???????????LT(?????),??S8?????8,??S8?
  ????????????8???????????????,??,??????,?????
  74LS148?GS??????,??????D???U8A???????????U5B????
  74LS148????????????,U5B????,?????U8A??????????
  ?U5B?????,???74LS148?????EI,??S1S8??????????????
  ???

63
?5-33 ??????????
64

• 2. ????
• ????????????????????D???U5B?????????,?U
  5B??????S??,?????,??5-33?????????U8A????
• ?????????????0???,??U3B?Q???????????74LS4
  7??????RBI,????ABCD????5?????,?????????
• ????,??????????,?EI????,????????????????
  ?????

65

• 3. ????
• ?????????????,??????????
• ???????????
• ?8????????LT?????,????0????????RBI?????(RB
  O??????????)?
• ??????????
• ??????,?????,??????,????????
• ????????????,?????????,?????????????????
  ?????????????????S8????,??S1S7?????

66

• ?S8???,U5A???????74LS148?????EI????74LS4
  7?????,????????????8,?U5A?Q?????,????????S1S7??
  ?,U3B?Q??74LS47??????RBI?????,?????,?????????????
  ???????,??U6A?????????????????????,?D???????,??
  ???????????,?????,???74LS148?????EI??????

67

• 4. ????
• ?????,???????,?????????????555???????,?
  ???????????,??????????
• ???????,Proteus?????????,?SPEAKER?SOUDER?
  BUZZER,??????????????????????,????????????????????
  ????
• ??????????,???????,????????????,????????,
  ??????,???????????

68
5.5 ? ? ?

• ?????????????????,???????????,????????,??
  ???????,???12????24???,????????????
• ?????????
• ???????,??24???
• ???????
• ???????
• ????????,??????

69
5.5.1 ????74LS90??

• ?????????????????????,????????????74HC160
  ??????????????74LS90?????74LS90???
• 74LS90??????5-34???

?5-34 74LS90???
70

• 74LS90????????????????????CKA??????Q0???
  ??????,?????????????????CKB??????Q1?Q2?Q3????????
  ???,?????000100????Q0?CKB????,CKB?Q0???,????????C
  KA?,?????CKA?Q0?Q1?Q2?Q3?????????
• R0(1)?R0(2)??????,??????????R9(1)?R9(2)
  ??9?,?????????,Q3Q2Q1Q01001?????,????R0(1)?R0(2)
  ?????????,R9(1)?R9(2)??????????
• 74LS90?????5-8???

?5-8 74LS90????
R0(1) R1(2) R0(1) R1(2) Q3 Q2 Q1 Q0
1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ? ?
71

• ????,????74LS90????????????,??5-35???
• 74LS90??????5-36??,??????????????S1?S2?
  ???????6?7??,R1?R2????????2?3??,CP0???14??,CP1???1
  2??,Q3?Q2?Q1?Q0?????11?8?9?12???

?5-35 74LS90?????????
?5-36 74LS90??????
72
5.5.2 ???????

• 1. ????
• ???????????????????????????60??,????24?
  ??????????????????
• (1) ???????
• ???????????
• ???74LS90????????????60??????????60????
  ?,???74LS90????????????1Hz?????,??????????????????
  ????
• ???????????????????????,???????????????
  ????????????,?????????????????????Q0?Q1?Q2?Q3????,
  ???????,???????????????

73

• ?????????????,??5-37?????74LS90?????????
  ????,??Q3??????,?????????????,????????????Q2??????
  ?????,?????????

?5-37 74LS90???????????
74

• ??,????????????????,????Q3(11?)??????CKA(
  14?)??
• ????????
• ????59?,???00?????????????,?????????9?0
  ????????,??05???????????,?6?????,?Q3Q2Q1Q00110?
  ,???R0(1)?R0(1)???,???????0000,??6???????,?0??????
  ?5-38???

?5-38 74LS90???60?????
75

• ??????6?,??0110,??????????,???????Q2?Q1?
  ???74LS90?R0(1)?R0(1)?,???????????,Q2?Q1??0,??????
  ?,??????,????????1?
• ??????????5-38??,???????????????,?????1S?
  ??????????60??1???????
• ????????????

76

• ???????????????????????????59??,???????,??
  ?60??????,????????????????
• ???????59?????????????0101?1001,????1????
  ?,????Q2?Q0,???Q3?Q0,?????????????74LS20??????????
  ???,??5-39???
• ???????????,???????????????59??

77
?5-39 ?????????
78

• (2) ????
• ???74LS90??????????,?????74LS90??????,??
  ???????????????,??????????,?????24?,????????????24
  ?,???Q11,???Q21,?????????????????R0(1)?R0(2)????
  ??Q2????74LS90?R0(1)???,???Q1????74LS90?R0(2)????
• ????????????????????59?59??????????,??5-4
  0??

79
?5-40 24??????
80

• ??????????????????,?????????,???????????
• ?????????????????????????????,??5-41?????
  ??????????,???????????????????????????????????????
  ???????,???????????????????????System???Set
  Animation Options?????5-42??????,????Animation
  Options??Show Logic State of Pins?,????OK???

81
?5-41 ?????????????
82
?5-42 ?????????

• 2. ????
• ??????????????????????????????,??????,?
  ?????????,??????,????????????????,???????????????
  ?????????????????????
• ??5-43,????????,??????????????

83
?5-43 ????
84

• (1) ?????
• ?????????????????????????RS???,SW1???????
  ,????????????????????,?U16B??????????????????
• (2) ????
• SW2 ?SW3?????,????SW2 ?????SW4????,??????
  ?????,SW3 ?SW4?????,??????????
• 3. ??????

85

• ??????,?????????????,????59?50??????,?????
  ?,????????????,????????
• (1) ??????
• ??59?50??,???????????
• ???Q3Q2Q1Q00101 ???Q3Q2Q1Q01001
• ???Q3Q2Q1Q00101
• ??,??59??????,??5-42??????????????????Q2Q
  0??????????????????5-44,U17A?U6F????????????????
  

86
?5-44 ??????
87

• (2) ??????
• ???????????????????????????????5059?????????
  ?

??? Q3 Q2 Q1 Q0 0 0
0 0
0 0 0
1 0
0 1 0
0 0
1 1 0
1 0
0 0
1 0 1
0 1
1 0 0
1 1
1 1
0 0 0
1 0
0 1
88

• ??????,???????????,?????Q0????,????????1?
  3?5?7??????,0?2?4?6??????,????????????????Q3?Q0??
  ??,???????9??????,???????????,???????????????

89

• (3) ??
• ???????????????????????????,??????????,??5
  -44,???????????,?????????????????????????????,????
  ????
• ?????????????1kHz?500Hz?????(20Hz20kHz)??
  ????????,?????????????????SOUNDER,????????

90

• ??????,???,???59?50?????????????????,????
  ????????????,??555???????1kHz???,??D????????500Hz?
  ??????????1Hz?????555?????,???????????????????????
  ,??????????????????
• ?5-45??????????

91
?5-45 ?????????
92
5.6 ???????

• ???????????????????????,????????????????
  ?,?????????????????????????????????
• ????????,???????????,?????????????????,??
  ?????????,???????,????40??
• ??????????????????????(0039),???????,???
  ???????????????????????
• ?????,?????????,??????????
• ?????,??????????????N?39,???N???N?N1,??
  00,???N?

93
5.6.1 ????74LS190??

• ????????????????????74LS190(???4510)?74LS19
  0??????5-46???

?5-46 74LS190????
94

• CLK???????0?,????1?,????E?????????????,?
  ??????????,??????PL???????,????,?D3?D2?D1?D0??????
  ??????Q3?Q2?Q1?Q0??TC?RCO????????,???????,???????,
  ????????90??????09??????

95
5.6.2 ???????

• ???????74LS90???????0039??,????74HC154
  (4-16)?????????,?40?????????????????????????????,?
  ??????????,??????????????,????????,???????
• 1. ????
• ????????????????,???????????????????????
  ???????????????????????????????????
• (1) ??????
• ?????????,???74LS190??????100?????,?????
  ????????,?????????RCO????????E?,?????09?90??????
  ,??????????,??5-47???

96
?5-47 ??????
97

• (2) ???????
• ??74LS190???????????????????????,?????????
  ,????????,?????????,????
• (3) ????
• ????PL??????????????????,?????,???????????
  ??,??20???,????/????????????,???PL0,?20???????,??
  ??????,????????,??PL1???????????????20???,???????
  ??????????????

98

• ??????,??????????????????,?N??40?,???????
  ???PL??,?????????N????,??00?,???????99,??????????
  ???PL??,?????????N,?????????
• ???????,?????5-47?????????????????/?????
  ???????????PL??,???PL?
• ????????40??N,????????Q2????PL????????00
  ??99,?99???????N????9,??????????4????9,?????9?????
  ??????????,????9????????????,??????????????9?8,???
  ?????,????????Q3??????PL?,????8,??9?Q3??1?

99

• 2. ????
• ????????????????????,????????????????????
  ?
• Proteus ??8??????RESISTOR???Resistor
  Packs???,8??????Switches Relays???Switches??????
  ???????????,??????,??????5V??,??????????74LS190???
  ????D0D3,??5-48??????????????10kO?

?5-48 ????
100

• 3. ??????
• ???????????????????,????????????74HC154?4-
  16????,????????????????????????
• ?????,?????????,?????????????,???40???????
  ???????,???????????????
• ????????74HC154????,????????74HC154???????
  ??????BCD?,?????09??,??74HC154???10??????,??5-49?
  ??74HC154??????E1?E2,????????,??24????74LS139???
  ??????????,?????????????????,??????????,?????

101
?5-49 74HC154??????????

• 74HC154?BCD????DCBA???????????Q3?Q2?Q1?Q0
  (?????74LS190???),??3,74LS139????????B?A??????????
  ?Q1?Q0(?????74LS190???),????????????3,?????????

102

• ??74LS139???BA11,74HC154???DCBA0011,???
  ?E20??,??????????33,???????????33????U9????74HC15
  4,?????????????3039??????DCBA?E2?????????????,???
  ?E1????74LS139?Y0?Y1?Y2,????????0009?1019?2029?
  3039?

103

• ????74HC154??????????,???????????????LED
  ??????,???Optoelectronics???Bargraph
  Displays??????74HC154???????,????LED-BARGARPH-RED?
  ???(??????)?????????????????,?????????,???????????
  ??????????,???????,????LED????????????,?74HC154???
  ?????,???????????,??????????????????

104

• 4. ????
• ???????????????,?????????,?74LS190??????
  ???????????,???555???????????????,????????,??5-50?
  ????????????Resistors???Variable???????????????ACT
  IVE????,??POT-HG?????????

?5-50 ?????????????
105

• ?????????????????????????Ton,
  ????Toff,????C1???????????,????????????????????R1?
  R2?RV1??,?????????,?????????????
• ??????????(40)??,????????10??,?????????,
  ???????,??????????????????,????????555???
• ????????????5-51???

106
?5-51 ??????????????
107

• ????????74HC154,?????5-52??????????,???
  ??74HC154,???????????,???5-51??,??????????????????
  ?????????,??????0009,??????1019,??????2029,????
  ??3039?74HC154??????????????,????0??????00?10?20?
  30,?????????????????2-4???74LS139?????????74LS00??
  ????????????????,??????????????????,????????,?????
  ?????,??????????

108
?5-52 ???????????????????