Golgi complex, GC:

1
???????2
2
????

• Golgi complex, GC
• an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells,
  including those of plants and animals.
• Constituted of a series of flattened membrane
  vesicles or sacs, surrounded by a number of
  spherical membrane vesicles.

3
(No Transcript)
4

• ?????????(vesicle)????(saccule)???(vacuole)???????
  ??
• ???????????????
• ?????????????????,????????????
• cis Golgi network, medial Golgi stack, trans
  Golgi saccule, trans Golgi network

5
(No Transcript)
6

• ???????????????,??????,???????????

7

• receives proteins or lipids from ER, modifies
  them, and dispatches them to other destinations
  in the cell within vesicles.

8
(No Transcript)
9

• ???????????????????

10
???

• lysosome
• the "digestive" units of the cell.
• They utilize enzymes to break down
  macromolecules.

11

• ???????,???,??????????
• ?????PH??5??

12

• ?????,?H?????,??PH????
• ?????????
• ????????,???????????????

13

• ????? primary lysosome
• ????? secondary lysosome
• ??? residue body(?????????????)

14
(No Transcript)
15

• ????????????
• ????
• ????
• ????
• ???????

16
?????

• ??
• ???
• Tay-Sachs disease
• Type2 glycogenosis
• ??????

17
(No Transcript)
18
(No Transcript)
19
??????

• Peroxisome (microbody)
• Small organelle enclosed by a single membrane.

20
(No Transcript)
21

• ??????
• ?? O2 ???????? ?
• ???????
• ?????????
• ???

22
(No Transcript)
23
???

• Mitochondrion
• sometimes described as "cellular power plants,
  because their primary function is to convert
  organic materials into energy in the form of ATP.

24
(No Transcript)
25

• ??????????,??????????,???????????
• ???????????????
• ????,?????????

26

• ?????????????,???????????????(matrix)?????
• ???????????,????
• ????????,???????
• Cristae, elementary particle (ATP synthase)

27
(No Transcript)
28

29
Translocation contact site
30

• ?120???
• ???????????
• ????????ATP????
• ??????????????????????????????????????

31
??????

• 1963?????????DNA,???????mtDNA??????

32

• ??DNA??,mtDNA????,???????,?????????????tRNA?rRNA??
  ?????,???????????????????????

33

• ??????????????????????,????????????????,??????????
  ??????????????????,?????????????????

34

• ???DNA?????,????????????????????????DNA???
• mtDNA??16569 bp,???37???,??????????????????????
• ???????,??????????,??????????

35
(No Transcript)
36
????????????

• ????????1000?????,???37??????????????,??????
  ?????????????????????????

37

• ???????????
• ????? ???
• ?? ?????(??)
• 
  ???????(????)
• 
  ?????(citrate synthase)???????
• DNA???
• 
  F1ATP????a(????)ß???d(????)
• 
  Mn2??????
• 
  ??????(????)
• 
  ????????(????)
• ??????
• RNA???
• ?? ADP/ATP
  ?????(antiporter)
• 
  ??????1?2?5(?-???)?6?7
• 
  ????(COX)??4,5,6,7
• F0ATP?
• 
  ????(thermogenin)
• ??? ????c
• 
  ????c?????

38

• ??????????????N??????????(matrix targeting
  sequence, MTS),??????????????????????

39
(No Transcript)
40

• ?????????????????????,?????????????,??????????????
  

41
????

• ????(molecular chaperone)???????????????????
  ??????????,??DNA??????????????????????????????????
  ??????

42

• ???????????hsc70????????????????????,?????????????
  ?????????????

43
(No Transcript)
44

• ???????????,??????,???????????????,???????????

45
??????
46
??????

• ?????

47
??????
48
???

• Ribosome
• an organelle composed of rRNA and ribosomal
  proteins. It translates mRNA into a polypeptide
  chain. It can be thought of as a factory that
  builds a protein from a set of genetic
  instructions.

49

• ??????????????,????
• ???????????????

50
(No Transcript)
51

• ???????????????????
• ????????????,??????????

52
(No Transcript)
53
(No Transcript)
54
?????(polyribosome)
55
(No Transcript)
56

• ??????rRNA??????????,????????

57
(No Transcript)
58

• ????????
• mRNA????
• A???P??
• T??
• G??
• E??

59
(No Transcript)
60
(No Transcript)
61
The end