Copy this diagram on Portfolio p6

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Copy this diagram on Portfolio p6
Term Rights Gained or Lost? Which rights?
Magna Carta Make (5 lines)
Parliament this (3 lines)
Mayflower Compact column (2 lines)
colonial assemblies wide (3 lines)
Edmund Andros enough (3 lines)
English Bill of Rights for only (6 lines)
salutary neglect one (4 lines)
Zenger trial word! (1 line)
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Lesson 5.2 Roots of Representative Government

• Today we will trace the expansion of the rights
  of English subjects and discuss early
  self-government in the colonies.

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Vocabulary

• trace follow a sequence of events in
  chronological order
• compact a legal agreement a contract
• bicameral describes a legislative body with two
  houses or branches
• assembly group of people brought together to
  perform a function, especially to make laws

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Check for Understanding

• What are we going to do today?
• How would someone trace your movements through
  the day?
• How many houses are in a bicameral legislature?
• What is the job of the the state assembly in
  Sacramento?

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What We Already Know

• In 1215, a group of English barons forced the
  English King John to sign the Magna Carta, a
  document which limited his powers and protected
  their privileges.

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What We Already Know

• Since the voyages of Columbus, Europeans had
  begun establishing colonies in North America.

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What We Already Know

• In 1620, the Mayflower was blown off course and
  landed off Cape Cod on the Massachusetts coast
  (instead of Virginia, where they were supposed to
  go) and established an English colony called
  Plymouth.
• 0

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The Magna Carta (1215)

• The kings powers were limited
• Free mens property rights protected
• Taxation only with the consent of a council of
  prominent men
• No trial without witnesses
• Trial by jury of peers
• Over time, these rights were extended to all
  Englishmen.

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Changes in Parliament

• Parliament was the group that made laws for the
  English people.
• Parliament was bicameral, and it consisted of a
  House of Lords and a House of Commons.
• Members of the noble class inherited seats in the
  House of Lords.
• Ordinary Englishmen were given the right to elect
  members to the House of Commons.

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7. What were four rights granted by the Magna
Carta?

1. Protection against being taxed without the
   consent of a council of leading men
2. Right to own firearms
3. Protection against their property being seized by
   the king or his officials
4. Freedom of the press.
5. Trial by a jury of their peers
6. Trial based on witnesses, not merely accusations
   of officials.

Choose all that are true!
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9. How did Parliament serve as a model for
colonial governments, and for Congress later?

1. It was an elected, bicameral legislative body.
2. All citizens participated in making new laws.
3. Its members were appointed by the king.
4. It had veto power over the executive branch.

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The Mayflower Compact

• For the sake of order, the men aboard the
  Mayflower signed an agreement called the
  Mayflower Compact in 1620.
• In it, they vowed to obey laws agreed upon for
  the good of the colony.
• The Mayflower Compact helped establish the idea
  of self-government and majority rule.

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Colonial Representative Assemblies

• The king and Parliament were too far away to
  manage every detail of the colonies, and English
  colonists wanted to have a say in making the laws
  that governed them.
• Colonists were allowed to elect men to colonial
  assemblies, which could make laws to govern the
  colonies.

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Colonial Representative Assemblies

• Virginias House of Burgesses was the first
  colonial assembly, but the assemblies power was
  limited .
• Their laws only had power within their colonies,
  and these laws had to be approved by the
  governor, who usually was appointed by the king.
• Colonists could not elect representatives to
  Parliament, so they had no input on new laws.
• Colonists disliked some of the laws that affected
  the colonies, and they also began to clash with
  royal governors.

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10. How was representative government limited in
the colonies?

1. The English king and Parliament still had power
   over colonial assemblies.
2. Colonial assemblies had to submit all their laws
   to the king for approval.
3. Only members of Parliament could serve in the
   colonial assemblies.
4. Only landowners could serve in the colonial
   assemblies.

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13. In what two ways could the royal governor
stop the colonial assembly from making laws he
disliked?

1. He had final approval on all laws passed by the
   colonial assembly.
2. He appointed all the members of the colonial
   assembly.
3. He could dismiss the colonial assembly to prevent
   them from passing laws.
4. He conducted all the trials in the colony and
   could influence the jury's verdict.

Be sure to choose TWO that are true!
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Edmund Andros

• 1685 New king James II cracked down on colonial
  smuggling.
• James created Dominion of New England by
  combining Massachusetts with other New England
  colonies.

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Edmund Andros

• James II appointed Andros as governor of the
  Dominion.
• Andros angered colonists by shutting down
  colonial assemblies and by suspending jury
  trials.
• When colonists protested their loss of rights by
  refusing to pay their taxes, Andros had them
  jailed.

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The English Bill of Rights

• Parliament overthrew James II in 1688, and
  replaced him with his daughter Mary and her
  husband, William of Orange.
• William and Mary agreed to the English Bill of
  Rights, which built upon the Magna Carta and
  strengthened the rights of the people.

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The English Bill of Rights

• No laws cancelled or taxes imposed without the
  consent of Parliament
• Free elections and frequent meetings of
  Parliament to be held
• No excessive fines or cruel punishments
• People could complaining to the king in
  Parliament without fear of arrest

• The Bill of Rights established the important
  principle of the government being based on laws
  made by Parliament, not on the desires of a
  ruler.

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8. What do The Magna Carta, the English Bill of
Rights, and the Mayflower Compact have in common?

1. All were laws created to expand the power of the
   king of England.
2. All were laws created by the English Parliament.
3. All gave the people more protection against the
   king's power.
4. All served as models for the Constitution's Bill
   of Rights.

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The English Bill of Rights

• In Boston, after hearing that James had fallen,
  American colonists arrested Andros and Parliament
  restored their colonial assemblies.
• Royal governors could still veto laws passed by
  the assemblies, but they paid the governors
  salary.
• If a governor blocked the assembly, the assembly
  might refuse to pay him.

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Salutary Neglect

• During the first half of the 1700s, England
  interfered very little in colonial affairs.
• Parliament passed laws but they were rarely
  enforced in the colonies.
• During this period of salutary neglect, colonists
  got used to acting on their own.

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The Zenger Trial

• In 1735, newspaper publisher John Peter Zenger
  was on trial for printing criticism of New Yorks
  governor.
• Zengers lawyer argued that people had the right
  to speak the truth. The jury agreed, and he was
  released.
• The Zenger trial helped establish the freedom of
  the press to print the truth.

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11. How did Englands policies toward the
colonies change after the Glorious Revolution?

1. England gave the colonies much more
   self-government.
2. England made Catholicism the official religion of
   the colonies.
3. The new monarchs strengthened the rights of all
   citizens, both at home and in the colonies.
4. England began allowing the colonies to send
   representatives to Parliament.

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12. What is salutary neglect?

1. A period of time in which colonial assemblies
   were banned by Parliament.
2. A period of time in which Parliament raised taxes
   dramatically on trade in the colonies.
3. A period of time in which the English king lost
   more and more power to Parliament.
4. A period of time in which England did not
   interfere much in colonial affairs.

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14. What right grew from the trial of John Peter
Zenger?

1. Religious freedom
2. Freedom from self-incrimination
3. Freedom of the press
4. Protection from illegal search and seizure

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Term Rights Gained or Lost? Which rights?
Magna Carta Gained Property cant simply be seized No tax without a councils agreement No trial without witnesses Trial by jury of peers
Parliament Gained Englishmens right to elect representatives to Parliament
Mayflower Compact Gained Puritans established self-government and majority rule
colonial assemblies Gained Colonists right to elect representatives to their assemblies
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Term Rights Gained or Lost? Which rights?
Edmund Andros Lost Colonists right to elect representatives
English Bill of Rights Gained No laws cancelled or taxes imposed without the consent of Parliament Free elections and frequent meetings of Parliament No excessive fines or cruel punishments Rights to complain to the king in Parliament
salutary neglect Gained Increased rights to self-government
Zenger trial Gained Freedom of the press