Sin t

1
Capacity Building Workshop on Trade Facilitation
Implementation for Asia and the Pacific
Region Integrated Model on Trade Facilitation
and e-Business2005-03-17/18, KL, Malaysia
Jean E. Kubler jean.kubler_at_unece.org
UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE
2
UN/CEFACT Mission
Simple, Transparent and Effective Processes for
Global Business.

• Develop and maintain international standards and
  instruments
• Integrating UN/CEFACTs instruments into the new
  policy frameworks
• Strategic capacity building and promotion to
  support gretaer implementation of existing
  instruments

UNECE regional level and cooperation with other
UN Regional Commissions and organizations
3
Time and Cost implications
4
Competitiveness of a nation

• Logistics Efficiency flow of Goods
• Logistics Cost in Thailand is quite high.

Cost reduction opportunity in Logistics For
example 5 of GDP 7.5 Million USD
5
Drivers of Supply Chain Performance
Competitive Strategy
Supply Chain Strategy
Efficiency
Responsiveness
Supply Chain Structure
Inventory
Transportation
Facilities
Information
Drivers
Source Chopra Meindl 2001
6
Actor Institutions
Reduce transaction costs
Monitor external trade flows
7
Actor Enterprises
Source Complex Networked Supply Chain Harwick,
1999
8
The UN/CEFACT Vision
Total Trade Transaction Integrated supply-chain
Competitiveness trade efficiency
Trade facilitation
9
Integration and conectivity
10
The International Trade Transaction Process
Intermediary
BUY
SHIP
PAY
Seller
Buyer
Authority
11
The International Trade Transaction Process
BUY
Establish Business Agreement
Request Quotation
Negotiate
Agree Contract
Order
INVOLVES

• Commercial Procedures
• Establish Contract
• Order Goods
• Advise On Delivery
• Request Payment

12
The International Trade Transaction Process
SHIP
V Transit - VIII Proportionality- X Publication
Prepare for Export
Export
Transport
Prepare for Import
Import
INVOLVES

• Transport Procedures
• Establish Transport Contract
• Collect,Transport and Deliver Goods
• Provide Waybills, Goods Receipts Status reports
  etc.

• Regulatory Procedures
• Obtain Import/Export Licences etc
• Provide Customs Declarations
• Provide Cargo Declaration
• Apply Trade Security Procedures
• Clear Goods for Export/Import

13
Article V
14
The International Trade Transaction Process
PAY
Prepare for Payment
Request Payment
Initiate Payment
Execute Payment
Advise Payment
INVOLVES

• Financial Procedures
• Provide Credit Rating
• Provide Insurance
• Provide Credit
• Execute Payment
• Issue Statements

15
Codification and transfer of knowledge
Unified Modelling Methodology (UMM) June 2005
4 BRS UN/CEFACT Standards
YESTERDAY (informal description)
16
Combined Approach
UNeDocs XML or UN/EDIFACT
lt?xml version"1.0" encoding"UTF-8"?gt ltnInvoice
xmlnsn"urnoasisnamestcublInvoice1.00.70"
xsischemaLocation"urnoasisnamestcublInvoice
1.00.70 UBL_Library_0p70_Invoice.xsd"gt ltcatIDgt
tokenlt/catIDgt ltcatIssueDategt2003-02-14lt/catIss
ueDategt ltnTaxPointDategt2003-02-14lt/nTaxPointDat
egt ltcatBuyerPartygt ltcatPartyNamegt ltcatNa
megtBills Microdeviceslt/catNamegt lt/catPartyName
gt lt/catBuyerPartygt ltcatSellerPartygt ltcatID/
gt ltcatPartyNamegt ltcatNamegtJoes Office
Supplylt/catNamegt lt/catSellerPartygt ltcatInvoic
eLinegt ltcatIDgt1lt/catIDgt ltcatInvoicedQuantit
y unitCode"token"gt5lt/catInvoicedQuantitygt ltcat
Itemgt ltcatDescriptiongtPencils, box 2
redlt/catDescriptiongt lt/catItemgt lt/catInvoice
Linegt lt/nInvoicegt
Electronic Edit Form
Paper Document aligned to UN Layout Key
17
Objectives must be clear
Facilitation
Efficiency

• Production
• Private
• National
• trade

• Exchange of goods and services
• Government
• Regional
• Security

Colombus Ministerial Declaration on Trade
Efficiency, UNCTAD 1994
Balance revenue enhancing, economic efficiency,
security, external trade policy for market access
18
Definition
Export formalities raise the transaction cost
Trade facilitation is to analyze, rationalize
and inter-relate the fundamental requirements of
the national/international trade transaction.
This requires taking into account the essential,
underlying reasons for these activities -
including the purposes of a range of official
controls and the functional background to change
of ownership and responsibilities, the assessment
and imposition of duties and taxes and various
modes of payment for goods or related
serviceselements of international processes,
procedures and transactions and working for the
elimination of constraints (J. Raven, 1994)

Trade Facilitation increase efficiency and
support export transaction
19
International Standards add value and are scalable

• All UNECE Recommendations, codes, standards and
  publications are available for free on our
  website at
• www.unece.org/trade
• www.uncefact
• www.unece.org/etrades/unedocs/
• www.unemed.net

20
Key steps on the road to paperless trade

• The Win Win Situation
• Better Information, structured Information,
  Advance Information, Automation
• Governments
• Risk assessment, Security, Compliance, market
  access, Information Society
• Trade
• Transaction and SC risk, costs, services

21
Win win is not enough to make it happen

• Clear understanding of benefits/costs
• Enabling Framework
• Strong leadership and commitments
• International Cooperation and Pathfinder Projects
• Roadmap for Paperless trade in International
  Supply Chains

22
Paperless Trade in International Supply Chain

• Enhancing Efficiency and Security
• SC Information Current trends and future
  orientation
• Benefits Governments and Trade
• Experience Single Window Implementations
• What do we need to make it happen?
• ? Roadmap for paperless trade

23
On the road to..
An internationally agreed meaningful roadmap,
including existing and current developments, to
achieve efficiency and security in the supply
chain ....

• APEC Symposium 04-07-21/23
• UN/CEFACT Forum, 04-09-13/17, US WAS
• Capacity Building Workshop on Trade
  Facilitation,2004, GVA, CH
• 6th. UN/CEFACT Forum, March 2005, Malaysia
• Capacity Building Workshop on Trade
  Facilitation,2005, Malaysia
• 3rd. International Forum on Trade facilitation,
  05-06-20/21, CH, VA
• 11th. UN/CEFACT Plenary, 05-06-22/24, CH GVA

24
UN/CEFACT
SIMPLE, TRANSPARENT AND EFFECTIVE PROCESSES FOR
GLOBAL BUSINESS.
www.uncefact.org