Science 7 Text: Discovering Science 7

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Science 7Text Discovering Science 7

• Unit OneInteraction Within Ecosystems

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Chapter 1, An ecosystems is all the living and
non-living things in a particular place.

• Organisms living things within an ecosystems.
  Ex. Worm, tree, whale, bird, dog,
• Adaptations inherited characteristics which
  help an organism to survive. Ex. Webbed feet,
  feathers, scales, claws,
• Habitat the particular place where an organism
  lives. Ex. Pond, tree, field, soil, rotting log,
  

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Types of Ecosystems inAtlantic Canada

• Coastlines and Oceans
• Freshwater Ecosystems
• (Rivers and Ponds)
• Arctic
• Forest
• Organisms survive in their ecosystems
  according to their range of tolerance.

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Abiotic Parts of an Ecosystem

• Light and Light Intensity
• Temperature
• Soil
• Air and Wind
• Water

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Biotic Parts of An Ecosystems

• Virus
• Bacteria
• Algae
• Mammals
• Reptiles
• Amphibians
• Marsupials
• Raptors
• Crustaceans
• Plants

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Levels of Organization

• Individual one
• Populations many individuals
• Community interactions of many species
• Ecosystems interactions of living and
  non-living things
• Each species in a community has a specific role
  to place. These roles make up an ecological
  niche, which includes where it lives, how it
  obtains its food, and how it affects its
  environment.

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Chapter 2, Living and non-living things interact
in ecosystems.
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Types of InteractionsSymbiosis

• Parasitism One organism benefits (parasite) and
  the other is harmed (host).
• Internal parasites. Ex. Tapeworm
• External parasites. Ex. Tick
• Mutualism Both partners benefits. Ex. Lichen
  (Alga and fungus).
• Commensalism One organism benefits and the
  other neither benefits or is harmed. Ex.
  Clownfish and anemone whales and barnacles.

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Roles of Organisms in the Ecosystem

• Herbivores Plant eating. Ex. Moose, Rabbit,
• Carnivores Meat Eating. Ex. Owl, Spider,
• Omnivores Plant and meat eating. Ex. Bear,
  mouse,

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Roles of Organisms in the Ecosystem

• Consumers Organisms that get their food from
  the biotic environment by eating (consuming)
  other organisms. Ex. Fox eats mouse, shark eat
  small fish,
• Producers - Organisms that produce their own
  food. Ex. Plants
• Decomposers Scavengers organisms that live off
  the dead, decaying or waste matter of other
  organisms. Ex. Vulture, bacteria, fungus,

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Keeping Food from RottingPreserving food
Preventing the Growth of Micro-Organisms

• Salting
• Smoking
• Pickling
• Freezing
• Vacuum packing
• Canning and Bottling
• Chemical Additives
• Drying

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The Food Chain

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Food Web
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Nutrient Cycle
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Chapter 3, Natural events and human activities
cause changes in ecosystems.
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Succession

• The process by which a biological community
  changes over time. Pioneer Species and Climax
  Community

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The Impact of People on Ecosystem

• Changing Ecosystem Deforestation, over-fishing,
  land fill sites, oil spills, mining, acid rain,
  Farming pesticide/herbicides and monoculture
• Habitat Loss Urbanization (city building)
• Endangered and Extinct Species
• Introduced Species native species (fox and
  polar bear) and introduced species (moose).

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Endangered Species

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Extinct Species

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Atlantic Cod FisheryCauses of the Fishery Decline

• New fishing technology made it easier to find and
  catch fish.
• More demand for fish from the world market.
• Lack of conservation by governments.
• Unsustainable harvesting catching too much
  fish.
• Sustainable vs. Unsustainable

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Fishing technology and Innovation
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Monitoring and Managing Ecosystems

• Environmental monitoring helps detect and predict
  changes in the habitats of organisms.
  Environmental impact assessments using
  data/information collected through short term and
  long term monitoring can be used to make
  appropriate decisions to prevent the
  destruction of habitats and protect the lives
  of wild species.
• Baseline Data
• Permanent Plots

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Unit OneSummary Review pages 96 - 97

• Students must realize that the textbook is the
  main source of information, especially when
  preparing for an end of unit test.
• Worksheets, Guide Notes, PowerPoint
  Presentations, etc are supplementary to the
  textbook.
• Students should be reviewing materials presented
  in class on a continuous basis as part of a
  regular home study schedule.