Infinitive

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Infinitive
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???????? Functions of Infinitive

• 1 ?? (subject)
• 2 ?? (object)
• 3 ?? (predicative)
• 4 ?? (attribute)
• 5 ?? (adverbial)
• 6 ?? (object complement)

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3 ???
????????? be, seem, appear, get, remain?????.

1. Seeing is to believe. To see is
believing. Seeing is believing. To
see is to believe.

v
v
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3 ???
2. My job is to help the patients.

• All you have to do is (to) finish the
• job quickly.

????????????????do, ???????????to
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4 ??? (?????????)
1. ????????????????????? (a) She was very busy
and had no time to visit her friends. (b)
Ladies and gentlemen ,I have something
important to tell you .
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4 ??? (?????????)
2. ????the first ,the last, the only
????????????? eg She is always the first to
come and the last to leave.
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3.????have to do?there be ????
There is no one to take care of her. I have
no jewelry to wear.
4. ???????????,????? ???? Please
pass me some paper to write____.
She has a nice pen to write _____.
on
with
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5 ???

• ???? to
• in order to
• so as to

eg He spoke loudly (so as / in order) to
be heard.
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5 ???
2. ???? ??????????????????, sorry, surprised,
happy, glad, eager, angry, foolish, right, wrong,
slow, quick, rude, cruel, disappointed??
eg Im glad/pleased to see you. We were
surprised to hear the news.
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5 ???
3.???? so adj. / adv. as to do
such adj. n. as to do adj. /
adv. enough to do too adv. / adj.
to do
1 He was so foolish as to believe it.
He was such a fool as to believe it. He
was foolish enough to believe it.
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2 Im too tired to walk any further tonight.
3 We hurried to the station only to find the
train had left.
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6 ???
I didnt ask you to pay for the meal. They have
warned us to be careful of rats.
?????????to???
1 ????????(feel, hear, listen to, watch,
look at, notice, observe)
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• 2 ????( let, have, make)??????,??to,
  ???????????to.
• Let me hear you play the piano.
• They made the workers work day and night
• The workers were made to work day and night.

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????????????, to???
1. They saw the boy fall suddenly from the
tree. The boy was seen to fall suddenly
from the tree.
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• Mother made John wash
• the car for a week.

John was made to wash the car for a week.
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???????????





? ?
? ?
? ?
to do
to be done
???
to have done
to have been done
???
???
to be doing
to have been doing
?????
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??????

• ??????? to do
• I am glad to see you.
• he has decided to give her
• some money.
• ????????????????
• ?????????????,??
• ???????

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???????to be doing

• I am very glad to be working with you.
• He pretended to be working hard
• when his boss passed him.
• ????????????????
• ??????

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???????to have done

• He happened to have seen the
• film before.
• The novel is believed to have been
• translated into Chinese.
• ????????????????
• ??????

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???????to have done

• He wanted to have met you at the
• airport, but he didnt get there in
• time.
• ???????????????
• hoped, promised, wanted, wished, expected,
  planned

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???????to have done

• I would like to have given her the gift.
• He would like to have played the
• violin at the concert.
• ????????would like????
• ????????

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??????

• ???? to do
• ???? to be done
• It is an honor for me to be invited to
• attend the meeting.
• Everyone likes the hero to be praised.

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??to ???do

• We asked him to stay till the next
• day, but he refused to.
• Are you a teacher? Yes, and I have
• to be
• What we want to do now is lie down
• and have a good rest.
• I didnt say anything but to make a
• gesture.

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???????

• 1. prefer n. (doing) to n. (doing)
• 2. prefer to do sth rather than do sth
• 3. would rather do
• 4. would rather ??(????)
• 5. advise/allow/permit/forbid sb to do
• advise/allow/permit/forbid) doing

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?????????????
1.??be adj. to do
???????????difficult ,easy, comfortable ,fit,
hard, pleasant, tiresome(?????) ,interesting,
nice , heavy, dangerous, light, important, etc.
The question is very difficult to answer. The
problem is difficult to deal with.
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2.??be adj. enough to do
The box is light enough to carry. The river water
is warm enough to swim in.
3.??be too adj. to do
The books seemed too heavy to carry. The ice
is too thin to skate on.
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??
1. Last summer I took a course on____. A. how
to make dresses B. how dresses be made C.
how to be made dresses D. how dresses to be
made
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2. Ive worked with children before, so I know
what _____ in my new job. A. expected
B. to expect C. to be expecting
D. expects 3. There are five pairs____,
but I am at a loss which to buy. A
to be chosen B to choose from C to
choose D for choosing
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4.I find these problems are easy___. A. to
be worked out B. to work them out C.
to work out D. to be worked them
out
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5.I would love ___to the party last night but
I had to work extra hours to finish a report.
A. to go B. having
gone C. going D. to
have gone
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6.____late in the morning , Bob turned off the
alarm. A . To sleep B. Sleeping
C. Sleep D . Having slept
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7. Tom kept quiet about the accident __ lose
his job. A. so not as to B.
so as not to C. so as to not
D. not so as to
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8. John was made ____the truck for a week as a
punishment. A. to wash
B. washing C. wash
D. to be washing
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9. The patient was warned ___oily food after
the operation. A. to eat not
B. eating not C. not to eat
D. not eating
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Thank you!