Infinitive Vs. Gerund

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Infinitive Vs. Gerund
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Infinitive

• Infinitive with to is used
• To express purposes or intentions
• e.g. She went to bring some food./ He
  bought some paints to paint the house.
• 2. After certain verbs (agree, appear, decide,
  expect, hope, plan, refuse, ask, begin, care,
  demand, deserve, happen, would like/love/prefer)
• e.g. I dont care to participate in this
  game.
• 3. After adjectives that describe feelings
  (happy, sad, glad, pleased, excited) express
  unwillingness (willing, eager, reluctant,
  hesitant, motivated), refer to characters
  (clever, kind, nice,) and the adjectives
  (un)lucky and (un)fortunate.
• e.g. Were sad to hear about his death.
• Its nice of you to help my son.

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Infinitive

• 4. With too and enough
• e.g. I have too many books to carry.
• Shes old enough to drive.
• I have enough food to eat.
• 5. With only to express unexpected events
• e.g. Weve shopped for three hours only to
  buy one shirt.
• 6. After adj. in these patterns
• a. it be adj.inf. e.g. Its good to
  see you.
• b. it be adj. for n./pro. inf.
• e.g. Its hard for me to solve this
  problem.

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Infinitive

• 7. After be first,second,last,
• e.g. Muna was the last one to attend the
  meeting.
• 8. With question words after the verbs explain,
  decide, ask, learn, want to know
• e.g. she decided when to travel.
• I want to know how to cook rice.
• 9. In the expressions to tell you the truth, to
  be honest, to sum up, to begin,start, end with,

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Infinitive

• Infinitive without to is used (bare infinitive)
• After modal verbs (can, could, may, might, must,
  will, would,)
• e.g. I must leave now.
• 2. After verb to do (do, does, did)
• e.g. I dont think so.
• 3. After the verbs feel, hear, see, notice,
  watch, make, let.
• e.g. Let her go with you.
• 4. After would rather and had better
• e.g. I'd rather swim in the pool than go
  down to the beach.

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Gerund (-ing)

• The uses of ing form
• As a subject
• e.g. Smoking here is prohibited.
• 2. After certain verbs (enjoy, admit, appreciate,
  can't stand / help / bear, deny, avoid, mind,
  understand , imagine, consider, deny, fancy,
  continue, suggest, practise, save, prevent, miss,
  quit, spend, waste, lose, general preferences
  with (love, hate, like, dislike, prefer, enjoy,)
  , incomplete actions with (hear, listen to,
  notice, see, watch, feel)
• e.g. I always avoid talking to her.
• She spends a lot of time chatting
  with her friends.
• Mary hates laughing in public places.
• I heard her talking about you. (part
  of it) BUT
• I heard her talk about you. (all of
  it)

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Gerund (-ing)

• 3. After prepositions (in, on, at,..) and to in
  the expressions( look forward to, be used to, in
  addition to, object to, prefer)
• e.g. Im tired of arguing./ Were used to
  playing outside./ I prefer reading to writing.
• 4. After expressions like (be busy, its no use,
  its no good, its not worth, the use of,
  cant help, have difficulty in, have trouble,
• e.g. Its worth suffering.

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The Differences in Meaning between the To-inf.
and Gerund Some verbs can be followed be either
a gerund or an infinitive BUT the meaning is
different.STOP He stopped smoking for health
reasons. He stopped to rest for a few
minutes.TRY She cant find a job. She tried
looking in the newspaper but in vain. She
tried to climb the tree.REGRET I regretted
being late to the interview. WE regret to
tell you your position at the company is being
eliminated.MEAN If you take that job in Amman,
it will mean taking two hours daily. I mean
to finish this task by tomorrow.FORGET She
forgot reading the book when she was a kid.
She forget to read the book.REMEMBER I remember
turning off the lights. I remember to turn
off the lights.
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• STOP
• He stopped smoking for health reasons. (quit
  or finish doing sth.)
• He stopped to rest for a few minutes. (in
  order to)
• 2. TRY
• She cant find a job. She tried looking in
  the newspaper but in vain. (to try or experiment
  to see if sth works.)
• She tried to climb the tree, but she couldnt
  even get off the ground. ( you want to do sth but
  dont succeed.)
• 3. REGRET
• I regretted being late to the interview.
  (sorry about)
• We regret to tell you that your position at
  the company is being eliminated. (sorry to)

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• 4. MEAN
• If you take that job in Amman, it will mean
  travelling for two hours daily. (expresses the
  result of an action/what will be.)
• I mean to finish this task by tomorrow.
  (intention/plan.)
• 5. FORGET
• She forgot reading the book when she was a
  kid. (not to remember you have done sth she read
  the book but has forgotten that.)
• She forgot to read the book. ( not to remember
  to do sth she didnt read it.)
• 6. REMEMBER
• I remember turning off the lights. (not to
  forget what youve done youve turned them off.)
• I remember to turn off the lights. (not to
  forget what to do you will turn them off.)

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Complete the following sentences with (inf. with
to, bare inf. Or gerund)1. I prefer_________(walk
) to the supermarket than __________ (drive).2.
She agreed _________(come) and _________(help) us
________(buy) dresses for the party.3. Mike is
obsessed with_______ (use) the computer.4. This
movie makes me _______(cry).5. Im lucky _______
(have) a friend like you.6. I have to quit
__________(bite) my nails.7. Hes not used to
_________(study) at night.8. Shes learnt how
__________(read).9. Id better
____________(sleep).10. _________(be) honest, I
dont like her.
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Study the following pairs of sentences and write
the meaning of the underlined words1. a. He
remembers to lock the door. b. He remembers
locking the door.2. a. Being a teacher means
having a lot of challenge. b. Sorry. I didnt
mean to hurt you.3. a. I stopped talking to
her. b. I stopped to talk to her.