Gerund Phrases, Participial Phrases, Infinitives, and Prepositions

1
Gerund Phrases, Participial Phrases, Infinitives,
and Prepositions
2
Match the term with its definition.

• Preposition verb phrase that serves as a
  noun
• Infinitive verb phrase that serves as an
  adjective
• Participle to a verb
• Gerund indicates temporal or spatial
  location

3
Match the term with its definition.

• Preposition verb phrase that serves as a
  noun
• Infinitive verb phrase that serves as an
  adjective
• Participle to a verb
• Gerund indicates temporal or spatial
  location

4
Match the term with its definition.

• Preposition verb phrase that serves as a
  noun
• Infinitive verb phrase that serves as an
  adjective
• Participle to a verb
• Gerund indicates temporal or spatial
  location

5
Match the term with its definition.

• Preposition verb phrase that serves as a
  noun
• Infinitive verb phrase that serves as an
  adjective
• Participle to a verb
• Gerund indicates temporal or spatial
  location

6
Match the term with its definition.

• Preposition verb phrase that serves as a
  noun
• Infinitive verb phrase that serves as an
  adjective
• Participle to a verb
• Gerund indicates temporal or spatial
  location

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Where are the prepositions in the sentence?

• On the bus ride to the game, I got to practice
  plays in my mind.

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Where are the prepositions in the sentence?

• On the bus ride to the game, I got to practice
  plays in my mind.

9
Why does the first one need a comma, but not the
second?

• On the bus ride to the game, I got to practice
  plays in my mind.
• Infinitives and prepositions only need commas
  if they are introductory phrases.

10
Where is the infinitive in the sentence?

• On the bus ride to the game, I got to practice
  plays in my mind.

11
Where is the infinitive in the sentence?

• On the bus ride to the game, I got to practice
  plays in my mind.

12
Which is the gerund, and which is the participle?

• Leaving for college is both stressful and fun.
• Kelly ran to her car, forgetting her purse on
  the table.

13
Which is the gerund, and which is the participle?

• Leaving for college is both stressful and fun.
• Kelly ran to her car, forgetting her purse on
  the table.

14
Which is the gerund, and which is the participle?

• Leaving for college is both stressful and fun.
• Kelly ran to her car, forgetting her purse on
  the table.

15
Which is the gerund, and which is the participle?

• Leaving for college is both stressful and fun.
• Kelly ran to her car, forgetting her purse on
  the table.

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Comma Rules

• Gerunds no commas
• Dave loves watching sports.
• Watching sports is Daves hobby.
• Infinitives and prepositions no commas, unless
  theyre introductory phrases
• To get her out of jail, her parents paid 100.
• Her parents paid 100 to get her out of jail.

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Participial Comma Rule

• At the beginning of the sentence

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Participial Comma Rule

• At the beginning of the sentence
• use a comma.
• Following the directions carefully, Lisa found
  the building.

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• In the middle of the sentence

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• In the middle of the sentence
• decide if the participle is necessary.
• -If it is, dont use commas.
• -If it isnt, use commas to show we could
  slide it out of the sentence without changing
  the meaning.

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• That man wearing the blue sweater stole my
  wallet.
• Julie, wearing the blue sweater, walked
  outside.

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• If its at the end of the sentence

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• If its at the end of the sentence
• look at what it modifies.
• -If it immediately follows the word it
  modifies, dont use a comma
• -If it modifies a word earlier in the sentence,
  use a comma

24

• Kurt bought a llama spending 500.

25

• Kurt bought a llama spending 500.

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• Kurt bought a llama, spending 500.