Chapter 2 : Chemistry

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Boron family Carbon family Nitrogen family Oxygen
family
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• Red- liquids
• Yellow- solids
• Purple- gases

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Metalloids on the stair stepblue- metalsyellow-
non metals
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BONDS

• Valence electrons do the bonding- look at your
  chart
• GOALS
• To fill up the energy level
• They can do that by giving away electrons
• Or by receiving electrons
• Or by sharing electrons

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GROUP NAMES Charge Trend Align with Charge trend
Alkali Metals 1
Alkaline Earth Metals 2
Boron Family 3
Carbon family 4/-4
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GROUP NAME Charge Trend Align with Charge trend
Alkali Metals 1 Halogens
Alkaline Earth Metals 2 Oxygen fam
Boron Family 3 Nitrogen fam
Carbon family 4/-4 Itself
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GROUP NAME Charge Trend Align with Charge trend
Alkali Metals 1 Halogens -1
Alkaline Earth Metals 2 Oxygen family -2
Boron Family 3 Nitrogen family -3
Carbon family 4/-4 Itself
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What about me?!!!

• Tell me about the Noble Gases.
• What is their charge trend?
• Tell me about the transition elements

They dont bond because they have a full energy
level They exist alone.
They dont follow the rules, they are complicated
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Ionic Bonds

• Giving/receiving
• But what is really holding them together???

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Ionic compounds properties

• Form crystals
• Have high melting and boiling points
• Very hard and brittle
• Conduct electricity
• charge cation
• - charge anion

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Show these ionic bonds using electron dot
diagrams, and a 3 step process.

• NaCl (sodium chloride)
• Magnesium Oxide (MgO) ,
• Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

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Covalent Bonds

• Co-operation/ sharing . A way to remember
• Share 2 single bond
• Share 4 double bond
• Share 6 triple bond
• Held together this way? Molecule!

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USE the Venn diagram system to show covalent
bonds!!
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Draw how these atoms bond covalently in a 3 step
process

• Water (H2O)
• Methane (CH4)
• Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)

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Mini Chem Reac Lab

• Texture, color, density, odor, rough, smooth,
  state of matter, solid liquid gas,
• Temp change, color chg, smell, bubbling, state
  chg