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Water Supplies

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Water Supplies Strategies and Techniques to Meet Growing Demands Could water be the limiting factor? Beijing water table dropping at a rate of 1-2 m per year ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Water Supplies


1
Water Supplies
  • Strategies and Techniques to Meet Growing Demands

2
Could water be the limiting factor?
  • Beijing water table dropping at a rate of 1-2 m
    per year
  • Tucson and Phoenix have had to buy 250,000 acres
    of irrigated cropland as a water farm
  • Projected losses of between 10 and 30 of
    cropland in the western US if global warming
    increases temperatures by 2C.
  • Jordan River supplies Israel, Jordan and Syria,
    95 of water to Israel, primarily used for
    irrigation
  • How do humans alter the water cycle?
  • Transport
  • Discharge/altered recharge
  • Movement between watersheds
  • Evaporation
  • Contamination

3
UNDP Conclusion
  • 20 liters of water per day is a basic human right

4
Properties of Water
  • Importance of changes in density as water changes
    state
  • Solvent properties salt and fresh water
  • Purification of water during the
    evapotranspirative process

5
(No Transcript)
6
Groundwater shallow or unconfined aquifer
7
Groundwater artesian or confined aquifer
8
Watersheds
9
Managing Water
10
Demand for Water
  • Agricultural
  • Industrial
  • Commercial/Residential
  • Ecological
  • Waste Disposal
  • Cultural and Religious Purposes

11
Regional Patterns of Water Use
12
Domestic Water Use
13
Methods of increasing supplies
  • Conservation
  • Surface Waters
  • Ground Waters
  • Cloud Seeding
  • Reuse and Purification
  • Desalinization
  • Prevention of Contamination

14
Issues with Dams I
  • lack of sites
  • impacts to downstream users
  • impacts to fisheries
  • concentration of contaminants, especially near
    urban centers

Aswan High Dam -- Egypt
15
Issues with Dams II
  • wildlife habitats
  • increased rates of evaporation and salinization
  • issue of siltation focus on watershed effects
  • waterlogging
  • loss of agricultural lands (review the complex
    soil questions will this create new lands?)
  • current conflicts with wetlands protection
    legislation
  • effects on the adoption of conservation
    strategies
  • questions of geologic stability
  • potential for power generation

350 000 square kilometers of Quebec 17.5 B gt
15K MW of electricity
16
Transport of water
  • Mono Lake legal disputes, water rights
  • Cost of transport environmental effects of
    pipelines and other systems

17
Evaluating the potential of groundwater resources
  • fossil vs. recharged aquifers (confined v.
    unconfined)
  • maximum sustainable yield geology of the
    aquifer
  • contamination discharge and salt water
    intrusion
  • subsidence

18
(No Transcript)
19
High Tech/Capital Intensive Strategies
Watercress harvest in a wastewater canal Viet
Nam
Desalination plant - Kuwait
20
Cloud Seeding
21
Water conservation
22
Gray Water
  • Water from
  • Shower
  • Bath
  • Laundry
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