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Color Theory, Terminology,

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Color Theory, Terminology, & Color Systems Pigment Color System The traditional color system Red, yellow, and blue are primaries 2-D media (painting & drawing) What ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Color Theory, Terminology,


1
Color Theory, Terminology, Color Systems
2
Pigment Color System
  • The traditional color system
  • Red, yellow, and blue are primaries
  • 2-D media (painting drawing)

3
What is color theory?
  • Color Theory is a set of principles used to
    create harmonious color combinations. Color
    relationships can be visually represented with a
    color wheel the color spectrum wrapped onto a
    circle.

4
What is a Color Wheel?
5
Monochromatic Color Scheme
  • The monochromatic color scheme uses variations in
    lightness and saturation of a single color. This
    scheme looks clean and elegant.
  • Monochromatic colors go well together, producing
    a soothing effect. The monochromatic scheme is
    very easy on the eyes, especially with blue or
    green hues.

Artist Marc ChagallTitle Les Amants Sur Le
ToitForm of Art abstract
6
Monochromatic Color Schemes
                               
                               
                               
                               
                               
FF0000    1
7E4747   2
CCA4A4    3
361F1F   4
F0E8E8   5
                               
                               
                               
                               
7
Analogous Color Scheme
  • The analogous color scheme uses colors that are
    adjacent to each other on the color wheel.
  • One color is used as a dominant color while
    others are used to enrich the scheme.
  • The analogous scheme is similar to the
    monochromatic, but offers more nuances.

Artist Vincent van GoghTitle The IrisYear
1889Form of Art realistic
8
Analogous Color Scheme
9
Analogous Color Scheme
10
Complementary Color Scheme
  • The complementary color scheme consists of two
    colors that are opposite each other on the color
    wheel.
  • This scheme looks best when you place a warm
    color against a cool color, for example, red
    versus green-blue. This scheme is intrinsically
    high-contrast.

Artist Paul Cezanne Title La Montage Saint
VictoireYear 1886-88Form of Art abstract
11
Complementary Color Schemes
1   FF0000                      009900   2
3 FF7575                    002800   4
5 FFFFFF                    111111   6
12
Split Complementary Color Scheme
  • The split complementary scheme is a variation of
    the standard complementary scheme.
  • It uses a color and the two colors adjacent to
    its complementary.
  • This provides high contrast without the strong
    tension of the complementary scheme.

13
Split Complementary
This sample uses Yellow with the two neighbors of
its complement, Violet (Red-Violet and
Blue-Violet).
14
Triadic Color Scheme
  • The triadic color scheme uses three colors
    equally spaced around the color wheel.
  • This scheme is popular among artists because it
    offers strong visual contrast while retaining
    harmony and color richness.
  • The triadic scheme is not as contrasting as the
    complementary scheme, but it looks more balanced
    and harmonious.

15
Triadic Color Scheme
16
Tetradic Color Scheme
  • The tetradic (double complementary) scheme is the
    most varied because it uses two complementary
    color pairs.
  • This scheme is hard to harmonize if all four
    hues are used in equal amounts, the scheme may
    look unbalanced, so you should choose a color to
    be dominant or subdue the colors.

17
Warm Colors
  • Warm colors are vivid in nature. They are bold
    and energetic. Warm colors are those that tend to
    advance in space therefore, caution needs to be
    taken so you do not overwhelm your content with
    eye catching hues. If an element in your design
    needs to pop out, consider using warm colors to
    do that.

Artist Jan VermeeTitle Girl Asleep at a Table
Year 1657Form of Art realistic
The Fighting Temeraire by William Turner
18
Warm Colors
19
Cool Colors
  • Cool colors are soothing in nature. They give an
    impression of calm and rarely overpower the main
    content or message of a design. Cool colors tend
    to recede therefore, if some element of your
    design needs to be in the background, give it
    cool tones.

20
Cool Colors
21
Neutral Colors
  • Neutral colors or earth tones are not seen on
    most color wheels. Black, gray, whites are
    neutral. Browns, beiges and tans are sometimes
    neutral too. Neutral colors can be made by
    mixing
  • black and white
  • complementary colors
  • all three primaries together (plus some black or
    white)

22
Name that Color Scheme 1
23
Name that Color Scheme 2
Answer 1 Analogous
24
Name that Color Scheme 3
Answer 2 Triadic
25
Name that Color Scheme 4
Answer 3 Complementary
26
A Little History
  • The first color wheel was invented by Sir Isaac
    Newton. He split white sunlight into red, orange,
    yellow, green, cyan, and blue beams then he
    joined the two ends of the color spectrum
    together to show the natural progression of
    colors. Newton associated each color with a note
    of a musical scale.

Answer 4 Neutral
27
A Little History
  • A century after Newton, Johann Wolfgang Goethe
    began studying psychological effect of colors. He
    noticed that blue gives a feeling of coolness and
    yellow has a warming effect. Goethe created a
    color wheel showing the psychological effect of
    each color. He divided all the colors into two
    groups the plus side (from red through orange
    to yellow) and the minus side (from green through
    violet to blue).

Colors of the plus side produce excitement and
cheerfulness. Colors of the minus side are
associated with weakness and unsettled feelings.
28
2 More Color Systems
  • The Subtractive System used in the 4-color print
    process the primary colors are Cyan, Yellow, and
    Magenta
  • Additive Color System The 3 primary colors (Red,
    Green, Blue) add to white light

29
Additive Subtractive Color Systems
30
Color Systems
  • Pigment Additive
    Subtractive

31
Color Terms
  • Hue another name for color
  • Tint any color white
  • Tone any color gray (or complement)
  • Shade any color black
  • Key color main or focal point color in a color
    scheme
  • Saturation the brightness or dullness of a
    color (pure color 100 sat ? desaturated, gray
  • Value the lightness or darkness of a color

32
Hue
  • When we call an object "red," we are referring to
    its hue. Hue is determined by the dominant
    wavelength. RED, ORANGE, YELLOW, GREEN, BLUE,
    CYAN, VIOLET (PURPLE), MAGENTA

33
Value Tints and Shades (Brightness)
Add white
  • The purest value of a color is its hue. A color's
    tint is a lighter value of the hue made by adding
    white a color's shade is a darker value of the
    hue made by adding black.

Add black
34
Saturation (Chroma, Intensity)
  • Saturation refers to purity
  • 100 color 0 complement saturated
  • 50 color 50 complement gray, desaturated

35
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36
Video YUV Color Space
  • The YUV model defines a color space in terms of
    one luma and two chrominance components. The YUV
    color model is used in the PAL, NTSC, and SECAM
    composite color video standards. Previous
    black-and-white systems used only luma (Y)
    information and color information (U and V) was
    added so that a black-and-white receiver would
    still be able to display a color picture as a
    normal black and white pictures.
  • YUV models human perception of color more closely
    than the standard RGB model used in computer
    graphics hardware.
  • Y stands for the luma component (the brightness)
    and U and V are the chrominance (color)
    components.

37
YUV
  • An image along with its Y, U, and V components.

38
NTSC Colors
39
SMPTE Gamut
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