Title: Color Theory, Terminology,
1Color Theory, Terminology, Color Systems
2Pigment Color System
- The traditional color system
- Red, yellow, and blue are primaries
- 2-D media (painting drawing)
3What is color theory?
- Color Theory is a set of principles used to
create harmonious color combinations. Color
relationships can be visually represented with a
color wheel the color spectrum wrapped onto a
circle.
4What is a Color Wheel?
5Monochromatic Color Scheme
- The monochromatic color scheme uses variations in
lightness and saturation of a single color. This
scheme looks clean and elegant. - Monochromatic colors go well together, producing
a soothing effect. The monochromatic scheme is
very easy on the eyes, especially with blue or
green hues.
Artist Marc ChagallTitle Les Amants Sur Le
ToitForm of Art abstract
6Monochromatic Color Schemes
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FF0000 Â Â 1
7E4747 Â 2
CCA4A4Â Â 3
361F1F Â 4
F0E8E8 Â 5
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7Analogous Color Scheme
- The analogous color scheme uses colors that are
adjacent to each other on the color wheel. - One color is used as a dominant color while
others are used to enrich the scheme. - The analogous scheme is similar to the
monochromatic, but offers more nuances.
Artist Vincent van GoghTitle The IrisYear
1889Form of Art realistic
8Analogous Color Scheme
9Analogous Color Scheme
10Complementary Color Scheme
- The complementary color scheme consists of two
colors that are opposite each other on the color
wheel. - This scheme looks best when you place a warm
color against a cool color, for example, red
versus green-blue. This scheme is intrinsically
high-contrast.
Artist Paul Cezanne Title La Montage Saint
VictoireYear 1886-88Form of Art abstract
11Complementary Color Schemes
1 Â FF0000 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 009900 Â 2
3 FF7575 Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 002800 Â 4
5 FFFFFF Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 111111 Â 6
12Split Complementary Color Scheme
- The split complementary scheme is a variation of
the standard complementary scheme. - It uses a color and the two colors adjacent to
its complementary. - This provides high contrast without the strong
tension of the complementary scheme.
13Split Complementary
This sample uses Yellow with the two neighbors of
its complement, Violet (Red-Violet and
Blue-Violet).
14Triadic Color Scheme
- The triadic color scheme uses three colors
equally spaced around the color wheel. - This scheme is popular among artists because it
offers strong visual contrast while retaining
harmony and color richness. - The triadic scheme is not as contrasting as the
complementary scheme, but it looks more balanced
and harmonious.
15Triadic Color Scheme
16Tetradic Color Scheme
- The tetradic (double complementary) scheme is the
most varied because it uses two complementary
color pairs. - This scheme is hard to harmonize if all four
hues are used in equal amounts, the scheme may
look unbalanced, so you should choose a color to
be dominant or subdue the colors.
17Warm Colors
- Warm colors are vivid in nature. They are bold
and energetic. Warm colors are those that tend to
advance in space therefore, caution needs to be
taken so you do not overwhelm your content with
eye catching hues. If an element in your design
needs to pop out, consider using warm colors to
do that.
Artist Jan VermeeTitle Girl Asleep at a Table
Year 1657Form of Art realistic
The Fighting Temeraire by William Turner
18Warm Colors
19Cool Colors
- Cool colors are soothing in nature. They give an
impression of calm and rarely overpower the main
content or message of a design. Cool colors tend
to recede therefore, if some element of your
design needs to be in the background, give it
cool tones.
20Cool Colors
21Neutral Colors
- Neutral colors or earth tones are not seen on
most color wheels. Black, gray, whites are
neutral. Browns, beiges and tans are sometimes
neutral too. Neutral colors can be made by
mixing - black and white
- complementary colors
- all three primaries together (plus some black or
white)
22Name that Color Scheme 1
23Name that Color Scheme 2
Answer 1 Analogous
24Name that Color Scheme 3
Answer 2 Triadic
25Name that Color Scheme 4
Answer 3 Complementary
26A Little History
- The first color wheel was invented by Sir Isaac
Newton. He split white sunlight into red, orange,
yellow, green, cyan, and blue beams then he
joined the two ends of the color spectrum
together to show the natural progression of
colors. Newton associated each color with a note
of a musical scale.
Answer 4 Neutral
27A Little History
- A century after Newton, Johann Wolfgang Goethe
began studying psychological effect of colors. He
noticed that blue gives a feeling of coolness and
yellow has a warming effect. Goethe created a
color wheel showing the psychological effect of
each color. He divided all the colors into two
groups the plus side (from red through orange
to yellow) and the minus side (from green through
violet to blue).
Colors of the plus side produce excitement and
cheerfulness. Colors of the minus side are
associated with weakness and unsettled feelings.
282 More Color Systems
- The Subtractive System used in the 4-color print
process the primary colors are Cyan, Yellow, and
Magenta - Additive Color System The 3 primary colors (Red,
Green, Blue) add to white light
29Additive Subtractive Color Systems
30Color Systems
- Pigment Additive
Subtractive
31Color Terms
- Hue another name for color
- Tint any color white
- Tone any color gray (or complement)
- Shade any color black
- Key color main or focal point color in a color
scheme - Saturation the brightness or dullness of a
color (pure color 100 sat ? desaturated, gray - Value the lightness or darkness of a color
32Hue
- When we call an object "red," we are referring to
its hue. Hue is determined by the dominant
wavelength. RED, ORANGE, YELLOW, GREEN, BLUE,
CYAN, VIOLET (PURPLE), MAGENTA
33Value Tints and Shades (Brightness)
Add white
- The purest value of a color is its hue. A color's
tint is a lighter value of the hue made by adding
white a color's shade is a darker value of the
hue made by adding black.
Add black
34Saturation (Chroma, Intensity)
- Saturation refers to purity
- 100 color 0 complement saturated
- 50 color 50 complement gray, desaturated
35(No Transcript)
36Video YUV Color Space
- The YUV model defines a color space in terms of
one luma and two chrominance components. The YUV
color model is used in the PAL, NTSC, and SECAM
composite color video standards. Previous
black-and-white systems used only luma (Y)
information and color information (U and V) was
added so that a black-and-white receiver would
still be able to display a color picture as a
normal black and white pictures. - YUV models human perception of color more closely
than the standard RGB model used in computer
graphics hardware. - Y stands for the luma component (the brightness)
and U and V are the chrominance (color)
components.
37YUV
- An image along with its Y, U, and V components.
38NTSC Colors
39SMPTE Gamut