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???????(amniocentesis)

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Title: ???????(amniocentesis)


1
????????????????????
  • ?????????????
  • ??????
  • ? ? ?????
  • 2006?11?

2
??????
  • ???????????
  • ??????????
  • ????????????
  • ??????????
  • ?????????????????????????

3
??????
  • ???????
  • ????????????
  • ??????35?
  • ????????????????
  • ??????????
  • ??????????????????

4
???????
  • ???????(amniocentesis)
  • ??????(chorion villus sampling,cvs)
  • ?????(periumbilical cord blood sampling,PUBS)
  • ?????(preimplantaton genetic diagnosis,PGD)

5
???????
  • ??????(?????)
  • ???(fetoscope)
  • ???(embryoscope)
  • ???????(fetal ultrasound imaging)
  • ???????????(cell-storing)

6
????????
  • 1975? ????????????????(??????,???95,?????9.3,???
    ??????)
  • ????????(??????????)
  • 1983? Ward ? Brambati ????????????????????????

7
????????
  • ??911?

8
?????????
  • 20mg?? (?????????10mg,DNA????5mg,??????5-10mg)

9
?????????
  • ????
  • ????????(LRD)

10
CVS???????
  • CVS??????amniocentesis?
  • ?????????????(Jackson,1992)
  • ??????????(Pergament,1992)

11
CVS???-LRD
  • 1999?WHO??CVS???????CVS?LRD??(216,381?CVS?115???LR
    D???11881,???????11642)
  • ??????????,9???CVS??LRD????,???????
  • CVS??????10???????

12
????????
  • ???(transcervical)
  • ??(transabdorminal)

13
CVS???????
  • B?????????????????????,??????3.5MHz,???????5 -
    7MHz?
  • ??????????????(??????),???????1.4 1.6
    mm,?20cm,?????,??????,????????
  • ???????10-20ml??2-4ml????????

14
CVS??????
  • ???????1??15cm???1.2mm?18?????,?1??20cm???0.8mm?22
    ???????
  • ??????,???????????????????????,????,??????????????
    ??????,???2-4ml?????20ml???,?5ml????????????????

15
CVS????
  • ?????
  • ??????????
  • ????????

16
???????
  • 1956? Fucks?????????????????Rh????
  • 1966? Mark steele?Roy Breg???????????????????????

17
???????
  • 1620?

18
????????
  • 2030ml

19
???????
  • ??????????
  • DNA????????
  • ??????NTD??????

20
????
  • ????????????
  • ?????? ?
  • ??22??21?????????
  • ???????
  • ????2ml??,???????

21
????????
  • ????
  • ?????
  • ????
  • ??????????

22
?????---????
  • 1976?,Nihd Registry ?????3.5
  • 1986?,Tabor et al ?????1.7
  • 1995?,Bombard et al ?????1.3
  • 2000?, Antsaklis ?????2.1

23
???????
  • 1972?,Valenti????????????????????????,???????
  • 1979?,Rodeck?Campell????????????,???????,???????
  • 1983?,Ternand Daffos??????????????(Cordocentesis)

24
???????
  • 16???(??2428?)

25
????????
  • 35ml
  • 20????68ml??????????

26
????????
  • ???????????(????????FGR???????????????????????????
    ???????????X????)
  • ????????(?????????)
  • ????(?????????)
  • ??????(????????)
  • ?????(??????????????????????)
  • ????(????????????)

27
????????
  • ???????
  • ????
  • ???????
  • ????
  • ????(?????)
  • ???????????????

28
????????????
  • Maxwell 1991????????????????????????1(1/76)?????
    ????7(5/76)?????????????25(9/36)
  • Antsaklis 1998???????????????????????1(2/191)???
    ??????13(11/84)

29
??????
30
??????????
  • ??????
  • Kleihauer-Betke????????????
  • APT??NaOH????????
  • ????????

31
?????????????
  • X???DMD????5?CA?????????

32
????????????????
33
???????
  • ???
  • ???(?????????)

34
?????????????
  • ???Langhans????????????,???????????????,?????????
    ???????

35
?????????????
  • ?????????
  • ?????(???2ug/ml,????,???????)
  • 37OC 5CO2?????45??
  • ??(1??????10???1?????0.075mol/l 11??40??)
  • ???(????? 31)10??
  • ??(????? 31)10-20??
  • ?????????(???)
  • ??

36
???????????????
  • ??????
  • ????????????(25ml?????10mg)
  • ??????3ml
  • ??3-6?
  • ??(????????????)

37
???????????????
  • ????????
  • ????????
  • ?0.250.02EDTA 5ml 37OC ???20??
  • ????????,??????????????5-10?
  • ??

38
??????????
  • ??????(F??)
  • ?????(????????-E?????????????????)
  • ?????(AF??)

39
??????????
  • ???
  • ???
  • ???

40
???????????? ??
  • ??
  • ??
  • ???
  • ??
  • ????

41
???????????? ??????
  • ??????,??????????????????
  • ???????????

42
???????????? ?????????
  • ?????,??????1-2ml????
  • ??????????
  • ????????? ?HLA??????

43
???????????? ?????????
  • ????????????
  • ???PH???,??(lt6.4???gt7.4???
  • ????????16-20?

44
???????????? ?????????
  • ????????(?????????????????)
  • ?????????????????
  • ?????,????????????????
  • ???????3-5???????,??????????
  • ?????????(??3-5??)

45
???????
  • ??????(??5ml?????14?)
  • ??????

46
Thanks!
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