Periodic Table

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Periodic Table
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Bell Ringer
Bohr Model of the Atom (1913)

• What is this model of the atom called?
• How do electrons travel according to this model
  of the atom?
• Electrons travel in definite paths.
• Electrons jump between levels from path to path.

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Bell Ringer

• C-12
• C-14
• What do the numbers in red represent?
• What do the two atoms above represent?

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Quick ReviewBohr Diagram
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Quick Review

• Outermost energy level of an atom is called
  valence shell.
• Electrons in valence shell are called valence
  electrons.
• Group number indicates the number of valence
  electrons.
• Period number determines the number of energy
  levels (or rings).

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Video

• HOW ELEMENTS ARE CREATED?
• Island of Stability A nuclear chemist aims to
  create entirely new elements to add to the
  periodic table. Aired October 3, 2006 on PBS

http//www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/hysics/stability-elem
ents.html
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Dmitri Mendeleev

• Russian chemist
• Discovered a pattern to the
• properties of elements if they were arranged
  in order of increasing atomic mass

Mendeleevs 1871 Periodic Table
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Henry Moseley

• British scientist
• Determined the number of protons (atomic number)
  in an atom
• He arranged elements in the Periodic Table
  according to atomic number

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Periodic Law

• The chemical and physical properties of elements
  are periodic functions of their atomic number.

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Group

• Each column of elements from top to bottom on the
  Periodic Table.
• Also known as Family
• Elements in a family behave in a similar way
• Example Group 1 (all except Hydrogen) elements
  are called alkali metals. How are they similar?
• They react explosively with water!

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Period

• Each horizontal row of elements from left to
  right on the Periodic Table
• As you go from left to right, atomic number
  increases by 1
• number of protons increases by 1
• number of electrons also increases by 1 in the
  same valence shell

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Periodic Table worksheet

• Color the square for hydrogen yellow (1)
• Using black pencil or marker, mark the zigzag
  line (5)
• Color the Noble Gases orange (3)
• Noble gases are stable and do not take part in
  chemical reactions.

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Metals

• Found to the left of the zigzag line in the
  Periodic Table
• Solid at room temperature, good conductors,
  malleable, ductile and shiny

Color the groups with very reactive metals red
(2) Color the transition metals green (4) Color
the metals in groups 13 to 16 brown (8) Circle
and label alkali metals blue (11) Circle and
label alkaline earth metals in purple (12)
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Nonmetals

• Found to the right of the zigzag line in the
  Periodic Table
• Poor conductors, not malleable, not ductile and
  not shiny

Color the nonmetals that are not noble gases blue
(7) Circle and label the halogens in green (13)
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Metalloids

• Also called semiconductors.
• Found at the border of the zigzag line on the
  Periodic Table
• They have some properties of metals and nonmetals
  (hard, very brittle)

Color the metalloids purple (6)
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Complete the table in your notes
Symbol Element Period Group Metal, nonmetal or metalloid? Solid, liquid or gas?
N Nitrogen 2 15 Nonmetal Gas
Ca Calcium 4 2 Metal Solid
Na Sodium 3 1 Metal Solid
Hg Mercury 6 12 Metal Liquid
W Tungsten 6 6 Metal Solid
Kr Krypton 4 18 Nonmetal Gas
I Iodine 5 17 Nonmetal Solid
Zn Zinc 4 12 Metal Solid
Sg Seaborgium 7 6 Metal Solid
Tl Thallium 6 13 Metal Solid
As Arsenic 4 15 Metalloid Solid
Y Yttrium 5 3 Metal Solid