England and the Colonies

1
England and the Colonies

• Characteristics of the empire
• Mercantilism
• Role of Colonies
• Supply raw materials
• Purchase finished goods
• Navigation Acts (1650s)
• No trade with other nations
• All trade is on English vessels with English
  crews
• All trade must pass through England first
• Colonies forbidden from manufacturing certain
  items (may not compete with British industries).

2
England and the Colonies

• Poor enforcement of laws
• Smuggling is commonespecially in New England
• Cost of enforcement gt benefit gained
• 1000 miles of coastline to patrol
• Would require customs agents in every port
• England distracted by events at home
• 1640-1649 English Civil War (Charles I beheaded
  and no king from 1649-1660)
• 1660 The Restoration monarchy restored
  under Charles II.

3

• Attempts to enforce laws
• The Dominion of New England
• Established by James II in 1686.
• Attempt to gain control over the too
  independent New England colonies.
• Merges all the New England colonies into one
  royal colony D.O.N.E.
• Sir Edmund Andros appointed royal governor
• Very unpopular
• Suspends town meetings

4

• Glorious Revolution - 1688
• James II removed from the throne
• Catholic
• Glorious because it was bloodless
• William and Mary invited to be new monarchs.
• When news reaches New England, they overthrow
  Edmund Andros
• WM restore the New England colonies, but now
  they are under royal control.

5

• Salutary Neglect
• beneficial neglect
• Colonies are left alone and will grow and prosper
  with loose enforcement of the laws.