Essential Question:

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Essential Question

• How is a cell like a factory?

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Activating Strategy

• Discuss and come to a group consensus What
  kingdoms would have prokaryotic cells? What
  kingdoms would have eukaryotic cells? (Hint
  there are 6 in total) You may use your notes.

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Prokaryotic Cells

• Found only in one-celled organisms such as
  bacteria
• Have NO
• organelles

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Eukaryotic Cells

• Found in protists, fungi, plants, animals
• They HAVE organelles

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Cell Wall

• Tough, rigid outer coverings that protect the
  cell and give it shape.

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Cell Membrane

• Protective layer around all cells
• Regulates interactions between the cell and the
  environment

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Cytoplasm

• Gelatin-like substance that flows inside the cell
  membrane
• Important chemical reactions occur here

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Organelles

• Found in eukaryotic cells
• Can process energy, manufacture substances, move
  and store material.

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Nucleus

• Directs all cell activities
• Contains hereditary material made of DNA.

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Nucleolus

• Located in the nucleus, this organelle is made up
  of RNA and protein, and is responsible for making
  ribosomes

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Chloroplasts

• Found only in plant cells
• Green organelles that capture light energy used
  to make glucose

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Mitochondria

• Organelles where energy is released from breaking
  down food into carbon dioxide and water

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Ribosomes

• Make proteins needed in the cell for cell
  membranes and chemical reactions

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Endoplasmic Reticulum

• A series of folded membranes in which materials
  can be processed and moved around inside the cell.

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Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Has no attached ribosomes
• Processes cellular substances such as lipids that
  store energy

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Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Has attached ribosomes that make proteins

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Golgi Bodies

• Stacked, flattened membranes that sort proteins
  and other cellular substances and package them
  into membrane-bound structures called vesicles

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Lysosomes

• Contain digestive chemicals that help break down
  food molecules, cell wastes, and worn-out cell
  parts.

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Vacuole

• This expanding and contracting organelle stores
  water, nutrients, and waste

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Assignment

• Draw and label a plant and animal cell. You may
  look in the FROG book on pages 64 and 65.
• Plant Mitochondria, cell wall, cell membrane,
  chloroplasts, vacuole, nucleus, ribosomes,
  cytoplasm
• Animal Mitochondria, cell membrane, vacuoles,
  nucleus, ribosomes, lysosomes, cytoplasm
• Draw and label a bacteria cell (prokaryote). You
  may look in the FROG book on page 218.
• Flagella, cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall,
  ribosomes, genetic material