RMS (?????????????????? - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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RMS (??????????????????

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Title: 2: , , Author: Alexey Lukin Last modified by – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: RMS (??????????????????


1
?????? ????? ??????? ?????????
???????????? ????????????? ??????? ??????????
2
????
  • ???????????? ??????
  • ???????? ???????, ??????? ?????????
  • ?????????????, ?????????? ?? ???????
  • ????????-????????? ??????????
  • ??????? ???????
  • ??????? ? ????????? ???????
  • ????????? ????
  • ??????????
  • ???????? ???????
  • ??????? ??? ???????????, ?? ?????????
    ??????????????
  • ?????????? ???????????, ????????????

3
???????? ? ?????????
  • ???????? ???????????????
  • ???????? ?????????
  • RMS (??????????????????
  • ???????) ???????
  • ???? ??? ?????????? RMS
  • ?????????? RMS ? ???????? ???????

(??????????????? ?????????)
(???????????????? ????)
4
??????? ?????????
  • ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????
  • (????????, ? ????????? ?? ?????????,
  • ?????????? ?? ????????????
  • ? ???????? ?????????????? ?????)
  • ?????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????????
    ????????? ???????????? ???????
  • ??????
  • ?????????? THD
  • (total harmonic distortion)

5
???????????? ??????
  • ??? ????????? ? ?????????? ?????? ????????
  • ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? 2m ????
    ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??? ??????.
  • ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????,
    ?????? ????????? ? ?????. ?????? ??? ????????
    ???????? ???????.
  • ????????? FFT.
  • ????????? ??????????? ???????????? ? ????????
    ????? ???????? ?????????.
  • ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ????????? ??
    ???????.

??????? ??????? ????
6
???????? ???
  • ??????????
  • ??????????? ??? ?? ????????????? ??????? ????????
    ?????????? ???????????? ???????????? k N/2.
    ????? ???????, ?????? ???????? ?????????????
    ???????? ?????????.
  • ????????????? ??????????? ???????
  • ??????????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????????
    ???????????? ???????, ? ?????? ?????? ???????

7
???????? ???????
  • ??? ???????? ?????? ?????????, ???? ?? ???????
    ?????????/?? ????????? ? ????????? ????????? ????

??? ???? (????????????? ????)
8
??????? ????
  • ??????? ???? ????????? ?????? ???????? ???????,
    ???????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????????
    ???????? ????????

???? ???????? (Hamming)
9
??????? ????
  • ??????? ???? ????????? ?????? ???????? ???????,
    ???????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????????
    ???????? ????????

???? ???? (Hann)
10
??????? ????
  • ??????? ???? ????????? ?????? ???????? ???????,
    ???????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????????
    ???????? ????????

???? ???????? (Blackman)
11
??????? ????
  • ??????? ???? ????????? ?????? ???????? ???????,
    ???????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????????
    ???????? ????????

???? ??????? (Kaiser), ß 15
12
??????? ????
????????????? (??? ????)
Hamming
Blackman
Kaiser
??????? ? ???????? http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W
indow_Function
13
???????????? ??????
  • ??????????? ??????? ????? ?????????????
  • ????????????? ?????? ??????????? ????????? ??
    ???????
  • ?????? ??????? ?????, ??????? ??????
  • ????? ??????????? ??????????????? ??????? ??????
    ? ???????? log-log-?????????????
  • ????????? ? ????????? ?????????? ?????????????

A1 ????????? ??????????? ???????, A0
????????? ???????, ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? (0
??)
????????
??????? ?? 6 ?? ??????? ?? ????????? ? 2
????, ??????? ?? 12 ?? ??????? ?? ????????? ? 4
????.
????? ?? 0 ?? ??????????? ???? ?????
????? ???????? ????, ???? ????? ??????
????, ??????? ????? ????????????? ???????????????.
14
???????????? ??????
  • ??????? ?????? ? ?? ????????

???? ?? ??????
????? (?????? ??????)
15
???????????? ??????
  • ??????????? ??????? ????? ?????????????
    (??????????)
  • ????????????? ?????? ??????????? ????????? ??
    ??????? ? ?? ???????, ?????????? ?????????
    ??????? ?? ???????
  • Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT)

16
???????????? ??????
  • ??????????? ??????? ????? ?????????????
    (??????????)
  • ????????????? ?????? ??????????? ????????? ??
    ??????? ? ?? ???????, ?????????? ?????????
    ??????? ?? ???????
  • ?????? ??????? ?????, ??????? ??????
  • ????? ???? ?????? ??????
  • ????????? ??????? ??? ????
  • ????????? ? ????????? ??????????
  • Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT)

?????????????
????????????? (????? ?????)
17
???????????? ??????
  • ??????? ?????? ? ?? ????????????

???? ?? ??????
18
???????????? ??????
  • ????????????? ????
  • ???? ????? ????? (?????????? PSD), ??????? (3
    ??/???.), ?????????? (6 ??/???.)
  • ???????? ? ?????????? ????????????

19
?????????? ????????????
  • ???-????? ??????
  • ????????????? ????????? ?????????? ?? ??,
    ????????????? ????????? ?????????? ?? ??

??????? ?????????????, ???? 512 ?????
??????? ?????????????, ???? 4096 ?????
20
?????????? ????????????
  • ?????????? ????????-????????? ??????????
    ????????????
  • ???????? ????????????? ??????????? ??????????
    ??????????? ??????? (??????????? ????????
    ?????????????)

?????????? ?????????????, ?????????? ??????? ??
???????
?????????? ?????????????, ??????????? ??????????
21
?????????? ????????????
  • ???????? ????????????? ????????????
    ??????????????? (???????????) ???????

????? ai,r ????????? STFT ? ????? ??????????
r, Sr ???? ?????????? ??????? ???
??????? ?????????? r, r0 ??????
??????????, ??? ???????? ?????????? ??????????.
?????? ??????????
6 ms
12 ms
24 ms
48 ms
96 ms
22
??????? ? ??????????
  • ???????? ???????
  • ??????? (convolution), ?????????? (filtering)
  • ?????? (filter), ???? ??????? (kernel)
  • ??????????, ????????? ? ??????? ??????????????
    (impulse, frequency, phase response)
  • ?????????? ??????????
  • ????-???????? ???????????, ?????????? ??????
  • ???????? ??????????
  • ????????????? ???????????? ?????????

23
??????? ???????
  • ?????? ?????????? MN ????????? (M ?????? ????
    ???????, N ????? ???????)
  • ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????????? ???????
    ???????????? ????????? ? ????????? ???????,
    ????????? ?? ????????? ??????? ????????????
    ??????? ? ????????? ???????.
  • ???????? ??????? ???????
  • ????????? ??????? ??????? ? ???? ??????? (FFT)
  • ??????????? ??? ???????
  • ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ????????? ???????
    (IFFT)
  • ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?
    ????????? ??????? ? ??????? ??????? FFT

???? ???? ? ?.?. ???????? ???????
24
??????? ???????
  • ??? ?????????? ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???
    ????????????? ?? ????? ???? ????? 1 (?.?. ??????
    ??????? ?????? ???????????? ? ???? ? ???
    ???????????? ? ??????????)
  • ??????, ???? ????? ?????? ????? N, ???? ????? M ?
    ?????????? ??????? ????? FFT ??????? N, ??
    ????????? ??????? (????? NM-1) ?? ?????????? ?
    ?????????? IFFT (????? N). ?????????? ????????
    ??????? (????????????? ?????????? ?? ???????).
  • ?????????????, ??? ?????????????? ????????
    ??????? ???? ????? ?????? FFT ??? ??????? NM-1

25
?????????? ???????
  • ??????? ??????? ????? FFT
  • ???????????? ?? ????????, ????? ????? ??????? ?
    ???? ?????? ???????????
  • ??????????? ??? ????????? ????????? (?????
    ??????? ?????? ????????? ? ???????? ??????? ? ???
    ????? ??????????)
  • ?????????? ???????
  • ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ? ?????????????? ?
    ?????? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ? ??????
    ??????? ??????? ??????
  • ?????????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? M-1 ? ????????
    ??????????? ? ??????????? (????? OLA overlap-add)

??????????? ??. ? ?????????
26
????????? ????
  • ???????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ????
    ??????????? ???????, ?????????? ?? ??????? ?
    ?????? ???? ??????? (????? ????????????) ?
    ???????? ??? real-time
  • Partitioned convolution (??????? ? ??????????
    ????)
  • ???? ?????????? ????????
  • ?????????? ????????? ?????????? ???????
    ?????????

?????????? ???????
????????? ????
(?????????? ??????)
27
????????? ??????????????
  • ????????? ????????? ?????????????? ?? ????
  • ?????????? ??????
  • FFT
  • ????? ?????? ??????????? ?????????????
  • ??????? ???????????? ????????? ?????????????



???????????? ???????? ???????? ?????????
28
???? ????????
  • ????????? ? ???????? ???????, ???? ?????????
  • FIR (finite impulse response) ? IIR (infinite i.
    r.) ???????
  • ?????????? ??? (?????????? ????)

29
?????????? ????????
  • ?????????? ??-?????? windowed sinc
  • ????? ???????????? ????????
  • ????????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ????????
    ???????? ??? ??? ?? ?????????
  • ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ? ???????
    ????????????? ??? ??????? ?? ???????

???????? ??? ???????? ? ???????? ???
30
?????????? ????????
  • ????? ???????? ????
  • ?????????? ??????? ? ???????? ????? ??
    ???????????? ???????? ????????? ??????????????
  • ????????? ?????????????? ???????????? ? ?????
    ???????? ??????? ????????
  • ????? ??????? ??????
  • ???? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ?????????? ???
    ?? ????????? ??????????????
  • ??????????? ?????????? (? ??????? ??????????????,
    ? ???????????? ????????? ?????????????? ? ?.?.)

31
?????????? ????????
  • ????? ???????? ???? (???? ?????? ????? ????????
    FFT ?? ????????? ???)
  • ???? ????????? ??? (????????? ??????????????)
  • ??????????? ???????? ?????? FFT N ? ?????
    ????????? ????????????? ????? ?? ??? (N/21
    ?????)
  • ?????????? ???? ? ???? ? ?????? IFFT
  • ??????????? ????? ????
  • ?????????? ???????? ????
  • ???????? ???????? ?????????? ??? (??. ?????????
    ??? ?? ???? ???????)
  • ???? ??? ???????????? ????????????? ???????????
    ??????????? ?????? FFT ? ????? ???????????? ??????

??????????? ??. ? ?????????
32
????????? ???????
  • ????????? ???????
  • ?????????? ????????

33
????????? ???????
  • ??????????? ???????? 3?3
  • ??????????? ???????? 5?5

34
????????? ???????
  • ????????? ????????
  • ????????? ??????

35
????????? ???????
  • ????????
  • ?????? ??????? ???????????

36
???????????
  • ?????????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ???????,
    ?????????? ????????? ??? ????????? ????????????
  • ?????????? ??????????? ??? ???????????? ???
    ???????????? ????????? ??????
  • ?????? ????? ?????????????? ? ?????????, ???
    ???????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????????
    ?????????? ???????????? ? ??????????

37
???
  • ??????????-????????? ?????????????? (frequency
    response)
  • ??????????? (Q) ?????????? ?????? ??????
    ???????????

38
???? ????????????
  • ?? ?????????? ???
  • ??????????????? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ?????????
    ???? ??? ? ???????? ?? ????????? ???????????
    ???????, ??????????? ???????? ? ???????????
  • ??????????? ???????????? ?????? ????????? ???
    ??????????????? ?? ??????? ??? ? ??????? ??????
    ??????????? ???????? ?? ????????? ????????
  • ??????????????? ?????? ??????????
  • ?? ???????? ????????
  • ?????????? ??????? ?? ?????????????, ???????
    ?????????????, ???????????? ??????????
  • ???????? ?????????? FIR ??? IIR ???????

39
??? ? ???
  • ??????-????????? ?????????????? (phase response)
  • ????????? ???? ? ??????????? ?? ???????
  • ????????? ????? ???????? (group delay)
  • ???????? ????????? ????????? ????????????

???
???
???
40
?????????? ??????????????
  • ???????? (FIR)
  • ????? ??????? ???????? ???
  • ??????????? (IIR)
  • ?????????? ???
  • ???? ???????? (ringing)

???????? ???
?????????? ???
41
????????? ????????????
  • ?????????? ?????? ?????????
  • ???????????? ?????? ????, ?????? ? ???????
    ?????????

42
????????? ????????????
  • ??????? ????????? ??????????? ???????
  • ????????? ??????? (?????? ??????????? ??????/???)
  • ???? ?????????? ????????? / ???????????
    ?????????? ?????? (???????? ??????, ?????????
    ??????? ?? ??)

??? ??????????? ????
????????? ????????
???????????? ????????? ?????? ?????????? (Lexicon)
43
????????? ????????????
  • ??????? ????????? ??????????? ???????
  • ????? ???, MLS-?????????????????? (?????????????
    ? ?????????? ??????????)
  • ?????????? ??? (swept sine, ????????? ?????)
  • ????????????
  • (???????? ???????)

?????????? ???
44
????????????
  • ??? ????????
  • ????? ????????? http//world.std.com/griesngr/
  • ????? ???????? http//www.625-net.ru/archive/z080
    3/aldo.htm
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