BELLWORK

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BELLWORK

• Our first region of study will be the Middle East
  Asia. For bellwork today, you will label a
  blank map of this region.
• Use pgs. A14-A15 to label all 43 countries.
• Write legibly! You will use this map to study for
  your first map quiz on Friday.
• Also, get out your signed syllabus and personal
  history.. I will collect them shortly!

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Rivers

• Rivers are a very important component of early
  civilizations.
• Label 5 of the most important rivers
• Nile River
• Tigris River
• Euphrates River
• Indus River Valley
• Huang River Valley

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Nile River
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Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
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Indus River Valley
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Huang River Valley
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Human Origins

• Evidence traced the first human existence back to
  4.4 million years ago in East Africa.
• Hominids group of human beings and humanlike
  creatures.
• This idea evolved until the creation of Homo
  Sapiens, (person who thinks) 200,000 years ago.

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Ice Age

• Between 2 million and 10,000 years ago, Earth
  experienced long periods of cold climate, known
  as the Ice Ages.
• Massive glaciers spread out from the Poles.
• As sheets of ice formed, the level of the oceans
  dropped more than 300 feet!
• As a result, areas were connected by land
  bridges.
• Only the middle areas of the earth remained warm
  enough for humans and animals.
• Led to the development of clothing and fire.

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Ice sheet in Antarctica
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The Iceman

• September 19, 1991 Helmut and Erika Simon hiking
  near the Austria/Italian border
• Saw a head and shoulders emerging from the ice.
• Scientists dug it out of the glacier and
  discovered that the iceman was at least 5,000
  years old! (Oldest body ever retrieved from a
  glacier)
• He was named Ötzi the Iceman after the region
  in which he was discovered.

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Ötzi the Iceman

• The Icemans remains were preserved through a
  combination of factors
• Altitude 10,530 feet
• After he died, the ditch where he lay was filled
  with snow.
• For thousands of years, a glacier covered this
  pocket of snow.
• This caused the iceman to be naturally mummified.

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Human Culture

• Culture the way of life of a group of people.
  (Ex knowledge, language, ways in which they eat
  and dress, religion, art, etc.)
• Earliest aspect of culture use of tools.
• Use of stone tools eventually led to the Stone
  Age. (12,000BC 8,000BC)

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Appearance of Homo Sapiens

• 200,000 B.C.
• Neanderthals first homo sapiens originated in
  Africa and spread to Europe/Asia
• Nomadic hunter-gatherers who were more advanced
  in tool making, medicine, and culture.
• Cro-Magnons originated in Europe
• Made further advances in tools and hunting.

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Neanderthals
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Cro-Magnons
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Neolithic Revolution

• 5,000B.C.
• Characterized by the end of the ice age
  appearance of grasslands.
• Shift from hunter-gatherers to producing their
  own food.

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Timeline Review

• Now that you have learned about the origin of
  humans, culture, and technology, you are going to
  create a timeline.
• The timeline will span from 5,000,000 BC to 1 BC.
  
• Include all the important events/time periods and
  a description of each.
• Do this in your notes! It will be great review
  for the section.

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CLOSURE

1. Where did humans originate?
2. What was the Ice Age?
3. What was the Stone Age?
4. What is the difference between Neanderthals and
   Cro-Magnons?

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Neolithic Village Reading

• To learn more about the importance of the
  Neolithic Revolution, you are going to complete a
  reading (pgs. 22-25)
• Answer the 5 discussion questions in your notes.
• Be ready to discuss your answers with the class.

1. What was the Neolithic Revolution?
2. What were some characteristics of the Neolithic
   time period?
3. Where were the earliest civilizations located?
   Why?
4. How was the government set up in early cities?
5. In ancient civilizations, what was writing used
   for?

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Neolithic Village Project

• Now that you know all the characteristics and
  traits of the Neolithic Revolution, you are going
  to create your own Neolithic Village.
• Use characteristics of an ancient Neolithic
  Village.
• Be sure to use pictures, color, and labels!
• If you use symbols, you must include a key!