Matter

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Matter
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Day 1
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How is matter organized?
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• The smallest particle of an element that still
  retains the properties of the element.
• atom

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• A substance made up of atoms that are all alike.
• Element

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• A substance in which the atoms of two or more
  elements are chemically combined in fixed
  proportions.
• Compound or Molecule

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• Matter composed of two or more substances that
  can be separated by physical means.
• Mixture

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• Type of matter with a fixed composition (can be
  either an element or a compound).
• Pure Substance

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• A mixture that remains uniformly mixed and the
  particles are so small they cant be seen with a
  microscope.
• Homogeneous Mixture

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• A mixture in which the different materials remain
  distinct.
• Heterogeneous Mixture

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Lab Nuts and Bolts of Matter

• Copy definitions from book
• Follow procedure on handout

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Day 2 (February 27)
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Class Objectives

• Review states of matter
• Oobleck
• Phase change Gizmo

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Review Solid, Liquid, Gas
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Day 3 (March 3)

• Phase change notes and worksheet
• Graphing assignment
• Density of water lab

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Day 4 (March 5)

• Density problems
• Density of a paper clip lab
• Chemical vs. physical properties and changes

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Density

• Mass per unit volume of a substance
• D m/v

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What is the density of carbon dioxide gas if
0.196 g occupies a volume of 100 mL?
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A block of wood 3.0 cm on each side has a mass of
27 g. What is the density of this block?
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An irregularly shaped stone was lowered into a
graduated cylinder holding a volume of water
equal to 2.0 mL. The height of the water rose to
7.0 mL. If the mass of the stone was 25 g, what
was its density?
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A 10.0 cm3 sample of copper has a mass of 89.6 g.
What is the density of copper?
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A sample of iron has the dimensions of 2 cm x 3
cm x 2 cm. If the mass of this rectangular-shaped
object is 94 g, what is the density of iron?
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Property Comparison
Chemical Physical
All possible chemical changes Observed by senses measurable properties
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Change Comparison
Chemical Physical
Old substance destroyed new substance formed New form of old substance no new substances formed
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Chemical Changes

• Substance changes composition 1 or more new
  substances formed

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How do you know?

• Production of a gas
• Change in color
• Formation of a precipitate
• Production of new odor
• Release/absorption of heat

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Physical Changes

• Changes that occur without a change in
  composition
• Melting, freezing, etc.
• Dissolving

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Buoyancy

• Tendency of a less dense substance to float in a
  more dense substance
• Ice in water different salt water conc. in lab

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Viscosity

• Resistance of a fluid to flow
• Stronger particle attraction more viscosity
• Motor oils