Life in the Ocean - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Life in the Ocean

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Title: Marine Environments Author: Marsha Bollinger Last modified by: bollingerm Created Date: 4/10/2002 3:39:46 PM Document presentation format: On-screen Show (4:3) – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Learn more at: http://bohr.winthrop.edu
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Title: Life in the Ocean


1
Life in the Ocean
  • Major groups of organisms in ocean
  • Plankton
  • Nekton
  • Benthos

2
Organisms (in general)
  • Plankton floaters
  • Nekton swimmers
  • Wont deal with these much in this course
  • Comments on fisheries
  • Benthos bottom dwellers

3
Plants vs. animals
  • Phytoplankton
  • Carry on photosynthesis
  • Diatoms, coccolithophores, dinoflagellates
  • Zooplankton
  • Consumers
  • Radiolarians, forams, others

4
PHYTOPLANKTON
5
ZOOPLANKTON
6
Time as a planktonic organism
  • Meroplankton vs. holoplankton
  • Part of life as a plankton
  • Part of life as nekton or benthos
  • Examples (oysters, barnacles, crabs, fish egg)

7
Nekton
  • Many varieties
  • Consider commercial fisheries

8
Commercial fisheries
  • Changes in last 50 years
  • Overfishing
  • Causes human population, changes in fishing
    practices, environmental degradation, poor
    management. by-catch
  • Solutions close fishing areas, marine
    sanctuaries, tighter regulations, consumer
    choices (http//www.mbayaq.org/cr/SeafoodWatch/web
    /sfw_regional.aspx)

9
Aquaculture
  • A solution to overfishing?
  • Pros and cons

10
Benthos
  • Rocky shores
  • Tide pools
  • Sand and mud
  • Deep sea
  • Coral reefs
  • Just a few examples

11
Where benthic organisms live
  • Epifuana
  • Live on top of sediments
  • Examples (barnacles, starfish, crabs)
  • Infauna
  • Live within sediments
  • Examples (clams, worms)

12
Epifauna
13
Infauna (a, b, c, e)
14
Why these patterns?
Land 86 Sea 14
Benthic 98 Pelagic 2
DISTRIBUTION OF LIFE
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