What is Renewable Energy ?

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What is Renewable Energy ?Renewable
Energy is the energy that is derived from Natural
processes that are replenished constantly. In its
various forms, it derives directly or indirectly
from the sun, or from heat generated deep within
the earth.- International Energy Agency
(IEA)Renewables Information 2003
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Slogan given by Ministry of New Renewable
Energy, Govt of India for a cleaner and greener
tomorrow

• Gaon Gaon Bijli, Ghar Ghar Prakash. Akshay Urja
  Se Desh Vikas

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Common forms of Renewable Energy

• Solar
• Wind
• Tidal
• Wave
• Geothermal
• Biomass
• Hydropower

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SOLAR ENERGY
CAPTURING RADIANT ENERGY OF THE SUN TO PRODUCE
HEAT OR ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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Solar Energy Potential in India

• Solar water heaters and cookers have proved the
  most popular so far and solar photo-voltaics for
  decentralized power supply are fast becoming
  popular in rural and remote areas.
• More than 700000 PV systems generating 44 MW have
  been installed all over India.
• Under the water pumping program more than 3000
  systems have been installed so far and the market
  for solar lighting and solar pumping is far from
  saturated.
• Solar drying is one area which offers very good
  prospects in food, agricultural and chemical
  products drying applications.

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WIND ENERGY
Converting the force of wind into mechanical or
electrical energy
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Wind Energy Potential in India

• India now ranks as a "wind superpower" with an
  installed wind power capacity of 1167 MW and
  about 5 billion units of electricity have been
  fed to the national grid so far.
• In progress are
• Wind resource assessment program
• Wind monitoring
• Wind mapping,
• covering 800 stations in 24 states with 193
  wind monitoring stations in operations.
• Altogether 13 states of India have a net
  potential of about 45000 MW.

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TIDAL ENERGY

• Converting the movement of water into mechanical
  or electrical energy
• Tidal energy is clean, sustainable and renewable,
  and a reliable and consistent energy source.
• Tidal energy utilizes the rise and fall in sea
  levels due to currents and has the potential to
  convert hydel energy into electricity with an
  efficiency of 80.

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Tidal Energy Potential in India

• Indias geographical location, with oceans and
  seas on three sides, has brought into focus its
  enormous potential to harness tidal energy a
  fact that has been recognized by the Government
  of India.
• An estimated combined potential of 15,000 MW at
  the Gulf of Kutch and the Gulf of Cambay on the
  west coast and Durgaduani creek in the state of
  West Bengal on the east coast has been
  identified.
• The Kutch tidal power project is expected to
  generate electricity at a cost as low as US
  0.023 per unit. This project is being appraised
  for its technical feasibility and economic
  viability.

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WAVE ENERGY

• The interaction between wind and the surface of
  sea results in waves.
• Waves drive water in an air chamber to rise and
  fall, and the resulting airflow can turn a
  turbine to generate electricity.

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Wave Energy potential in India

• The Annual Wave Energy potential for Indian
  coasts is 175-200 MWH/m and wave power potential
  varies from 5KW/m to 47KW/m depending on
  locations and monsoon conditions.

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Geothermal Energy

• Extracting natural heat from within the earth for
  direct heating and/or to produce electricity.
• Private companies and state governments have been
  attempting to exploit this vast reserve of FREE
  energy
• Government of Gujarat has framed a new policy and
  passed a government resolution (No
  REP-102000-502-B) aimed at formulating an
  incentive policy for solar photo voltaic,
  geothermal, waste utilization, biomass, etc

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BIOMASS ENERGY

• Burning organic matter such as wood or
  agricultural materials to produce heat energy.
• Methane gas can be provided
• from organic wastes.
• 4 TYPES Biogas, Bioethanol, Biodiesel, Second
  generation Biofuels

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Biomass Energy Potential in India

• Most common source of biomass is wood waste and
  agricultural wastes. In India development of
  biomass gasification has received  serious
  attention with establishment of biomass research
  centers and gasifier action research centers,
  which have played a key role in up gradation and
  adoption of suitable technologies, testing,
  monitoring and development of biomass
  gasification systems.  
• In India more than 2000 gasifiers are estimated
  to have been established with a capacity in
  excess of 22 MW and a number of villages have
  been electrified  with biomass gasifier based
  generators. MNES has actively promoted research
  and development programs for efficient
  utilization of biomass and agro wastes and
  further efforts are on.
• Biomass gasification offers immense scope and
  potential for
•  Water pumping
• Electricity generation 3 to 1 MW power plants
• Heat generation for cooking gas smokeless
  environment
• Rural electrification means  better healthcare,
  better education and improved quality of
  life.
• Two major forms of biofuels are bio-diesel and
  bio-ethanol, keeping this need in mind Bharat
  Petroleum has signed a deal with British D1 oils
  to become largest producer of Jatropha oil by
  2011

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HYDROPOWER

• Generating electricity from falling water.
• Radiant energy ?Kinetic energy of water
  ?Potential energy ?Mechanical energy ?Electrical
  energy

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Role of Hydel Power in India

• Today there is a strong push for large hydro
  projects in India. While the pro-hydro lobby is
  working towards meeting Indias full potential,
  the anti-hydro-power groups are targeting those
  projects which they believe are violating
  environmental and human rights norms. Despite
  growing number of oppositions to hydro-power, the
  Indian government is very optimistic to achieve
  its potential.
• The Indian government considers hydropower as a
  renewable economic, non-polluting and
  environmentally benign source of energy. The
  exploitable hydro-electric potential in terms of
  installed capacity is estimated to be about
  148,700 MW (See Table 1) out of which a capacity
  of 30,164 MW (20.3) has been developed so far
  and 13,616 MW (9.2 ) of capacity is under
  construction

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URBAN WASTE

• The population growth has put tremendous pressure
  on the quality of Environment of urban life.
• The residents generate various kinds of wastes
  of biodegradable and non biodegradable
  categories.
• The impact created by these wastes on the
  environment is enormous, if proper disposal and
  management options are not applied.

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Energy Generation from Urban Wastes
Energy recovery from urban wastes using
biomethanation, pyrolysis, gasification
and incineration and obtaining biogas from sewage
treatment.

• Sewage treatment plant at Surat
  Biomethanation plant at Vijaywada

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Role of Renewable Energy Resources in India

• Short term strategy
• Administered pricing mechanism
• Institutional reforms to be consolidated for
  deregulation
• Optimum utilization of existing assets
• Production systems to be made efficient,
  transmission and distribution losses to be
  reduced
• RD transfer of technologies to be promoted
• Energy efficiency improvement in accordance with
  national and socio-economic and environmental
  priorities
• Energy efficiency and emission standards to be
  promoted
• Labeling programs for products
• Adoption of energy efficient technologies in
  giant industries

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Role of Renewable Energy Resources in India

• Long term strategy
• Demand management through greater conservation of
  energy, optimum fuel mix, increasing reliance on
  rail for movement of goods and passengers and
  shift to emphasis on utilizing mass movement and
  transport systems for public rather than private
  transports
• Better urban planning to reduce need for energy
  in transport sector
• Shift and emphasis to solar, wind, biomass energy
  sources
• Emphasis on research and development, transfer
  and use of energy efficient technologies and
  practices in the supply and end-use sectors.

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Summing up the ADVANTAGES of RENEWABLE ENERGY

1. It is environmentally friendly.   It's clean and
   mostly emission-free.
2. It is inexhaustible.   Unlike fossil fuels,
   renewable energy can be replenished quickly. It
   will not run out ordeplete resources.
3. It does not require fuel.   It comes from
   natural resources which can be used directly to
   generate energy orelectricity.

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Renewable energy is GREEN, CLEAN SUSTAINABLE
Energy

• INDIA HAS THE WORLDS LARGEST PROGRAM FOR
  RENEWABLE ENERGY
• Presented by
• Nipun Gupta, BE (Electronics Communication) 4th
  year UIET
• Himanshu Bhatia, BE (Biotechnology) 3rd year UIET