Neurotransmitters

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Neurotransmitters
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• Properties of neurotransmitters
• 1) Released from presynaptic neuron under
  physiological conditions
• 2) Removed from synaptic cleft by uptake or
  degradation
• 3) Presence of receptor on post-synaptic neuron
  needed
• 4) Binding to receptor elicits biological
  response

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Types of Neurotransmitters
EXCITATORY Acetylcholine Aspartate Dopamine Hi
stamine Norepinephrine Epinephrine Glutamate S
erotonin INHIBITORY GABA Glycine
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• Neurotransmitters Characteristics
• Acetylcholine (ACh)
• 1.plays role in learning, memory, and (REM) sleep
  
• 2.causes skeletal muscle fibers to contract
• Glutamate (Glu)
• 1.most abundant excitatory
  neurotr. in nervous system
• 2. always excitatory
• 3. body's disposal of excess or
  waste nitrogen
• GABA
• 1. chief inhibitory neurotransmitter
  
• 2. has effect of reducing excessive
  brain activity
• 
  /promoting calm

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• Neurotransmitters called monoamines
• Dopamine(DA)
• plays role in learning, attention, movement
• Norepinephrine (NE) (noradrenaline)
• affects eating and sleep
• Epinephrine (E) (adrenaline)
• affects metabolism of glucose and
  energy stored in muscles
• Serotonin (5-HT)
• regulates mood, sleep, aggression,
  and appetite

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(No Transcript)
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How Drugs Enter Receptors

• Normal message
• Blocked message (wrong shape)
• Agonistic drugs mimic shape and enhance
  neurotransmitter
• Antagonistic drugs fill site/
• block neurotransmitter

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Endorphins pain regulation calming
blissfulness