Landform Processes

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• Landform Processes
• Plate Tectonics
• The Rock Cycle
• CAs Geologic History

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• Extrusive igneous rock basaltic lava flow,
  Fossil Falls, Basin Range

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• Intrusive igneous rock granite outcroppings
  in Castle Crags

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• Metamorphic Rock White-Inyo Mountains very
  old rock ( billion years)

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• Sedimentary rock Eagle Rock, Topanga State
  Park 25 mya uplift, folding, faulting have
  put it at an angle

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• Pre-Cambrian Era 4.6 bill 570 mya
• Paleozoic Era 570 mya 250 mya
• Mesozoic Era 250 mya 65 mya
• Cenozoic Era 65 mya - present

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• Granite escarpment of eastern Sierras with
  Alabama Hills in foreground. Uplifted Sierra
  peaks, downfaulted valleys (Owens, Death) during
  Cenozoic era.

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• Granite in Mojave National Preserve. Plutons
  exposed after erosion and weathering.

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• Northern CA Cascades, Modoc
• Eastern Sierras, Basin Range
• Imperial Valley
• Sonoma, Clear Lake

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• Geothermal activity, Modoc Plateau

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• Shasta Peak

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• Long Valley Caldera, Mammoth Lakes, man-made Lake
  Crowley now, erupted 700,000 years ago

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• Devils Postpile, andesitic lava flow, 600,000
  years ago, while cooling, cracked into
  near-perfect six-sided columns.

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• Weathering
• Chemical
• Mechanical
• Differential weathering

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• Alabama Hills differential weathering, igneous
  rock

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• Santa Monica Mountains differential weathering
  of sedimentary rock

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• Spheroidal weathering, Topanga State Park

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• Mechanical, chemical weathering Alabama Hills

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• Mass Wasting
• Soil creep
• Liquefaction
• Landslides

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Mass Wasting
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• La Conchita Landslide, 1995
  La Conchita Landslide, 2005

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• Coastal Landforms
• Marine terraces
• Sea stacks

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• Sonoma County coast sea stacks.

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• Sea stack isolated by marine terracing.

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• Marine Terracing

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• Aeolian Landforms
• Wind Erosion and Deposition
• Coastal and Desert Dunes

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• Death Valley aeolian ripples, dunes
  (perpendicular to wind direction)

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• Glacial Landforms
• Alpine glaciation
• Erosional cirques, horns, aretes, tarns,
  u-shaped valleys, hanging valleys
• Depositional glacial till, moraines

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• Yosemite, u-shaped valley, alpine glaciation,
  hanging valley

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• Glacial lateral moraine Sierra Nevadas

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• Alpine glaciation cirque Tioga Pass Route 120

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• Horns, aretes Lone Pine peak

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• Horns, glacial polish, Yosemite

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• Fluvial Geomorphology
• Erosion Deposition
• River Courses
• Arid Landforms
• Alluvial Fans
• Bajadas
• Playas

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• Steep, stream-cut canyon, Whipple Mountains

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• Alluvial fan, Panamint Valley

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• Bajada