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European Exploration of the

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Title: European Exploration of the


1
European Exploration of the New World
  • Who, What, When, Where, and
  • WHY?

2
Trade with the East
  • Europe had been trading with Asia for hundreds of
    years
  • This process took goods through the hands of many
    MIDDLEMEN, which causes the price to increase
  • Europeans decided to try to reach the East by
    boat instead

3
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4
Confused Columbus
  • Christopher Columbus thought that he could reach
    the East by sailing west (since world was
    round)
  • King and queen of Spain sponsored his expedition
    in 1492
  • Landed in Bahamas (San Salvador and Hispaniola),
    but thought he was in India (hence Indians)
  • Described Americas as the New World

5
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6
Other Explorers
  • John Cabot, sailing for English, discovered
    Newfoundland (Canada)

7
Vasco de Gama sailed around Africa to India
(water route to Asia!)
8
  • Ferdinand Magellan sailed west to Asia in 1522
    (his ships circumnavigated the earth, but he died)

9
  • Sailors searched for a northwest passage- a
    water route through North America to Asia

10
Spanish Exploration
11
Famous Explorers
  • Hernando Cortes
  • Landed in Mexico
  • Conquered the Aztec and became rich off of their
    gold and silver
  • Hernando de Soto
  • Marched through GA searching for gold (found
    none)
  • Killed off many of the Native Americans through
    fighting and disease

12
Spanish Missionaries
  • Oldest city in United States St. Augustine,
    Florida
  • Founded by Spanish missionaries
  • Spain founded many missions on the sea islands of
    GA (first European settlers in GA)

13
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14
Rivalry
  • Spain became rich off of gold and silver from its
    colonies in Central and South America
  • Other European countries began to compete with
    Spain for these resources
  • Rivalry eventually led Spain to attack England
    with its Armada

15
  • Spanish Armada was defeated by the English
  • England became the unofficial king of the seas,
    known for its ships and sailors

16
Settlement
  • Spanish and French settlements in Central and
    South America were not at first meant to be
    permanent
  • Men came to work in Americas, left families in
    Europe
  • Many marry native women
  • Use slave labor to grow/harvest/mine resources to
    send back to motherland

17
Labor sources
  • Paying Europeans wasnt cost effective
  • Found labor in the form of slavery
  • Native American slaves died from disease or ran
    away
  • African slaves lived longer
  • Indentured servants- another source of labor in
    English settlements

18
English settlement
  • English made 12 colonies along east coast of
    North America
  • Colonists came for many reasons religious
    freedom, get rich, own land
  • Englands aim mercantilism
  • export more than it imported
  • Used Americas raw materials and sold finished
    products to colonists

19
Jamestown, Virginia
  • First permanent English settlement
  • Founded to mine gold (there was none)
  • Arrived too late to plant crops (some died of
    starvation)
  • Settled next to swamp colonists died of malaria
  • Of 104 settlers, only 38 survived first year

20
  • Jamestown eventually became prosperous because of
    tobacco

21
Guns, Germs, and Steel
  • Exchanges took place between Old World and New
    World

From Old World From New World
Horses, cattle, chickens, pigs, wheat, rice, sugar cane, coffee, diseases (malaria, small pox, influenza, measles, mumps, scarlet fever, plague, etc), metals Corn, potato, peanuts, pumpkins, turkey, vanilla, chocolate, cotton, tomatoes, squash, pineapple, disease (syphilis)
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