The British in India

1
The British in India
2
The British East India Company 1600 - 1857

• United Kingdom uses British East India Company to
  control India's government military
• UK -Attitude superiority

3
British East India Company Agents
4
Sepoys, 1850s

• Hired Indian soldiers
• Rebel against UK B/c rumor bullets are greased
  with cow pig fat
• (Cows- sacred to Hindis/Pigs- taboo for Muslims)
• Those who refuse to load rifles- arrested
• Sepoys rebel killing 50 European men women and
  children

5
The Sepoy Mutiny 1857
First War for Independence
6
Areas of the Sepoy Mutiny, 1857
7
Execution of SepoysThe Devils Wind
8

• Result of Sepoy Rebellion
• UK parliament transfer power of the British East
  India Co. to English government

The Raj "Jewel in the Crown" of the British
Empire
9
1877 Queen Victoria Becomes
Empress of India
India becomes formal UK colony

• Largest colony 300 mil. people

jewel in the crown
10
Queen Victoria in India
11
British Colonial Life During the Raj
12
Benefits

• Stable efficient government
• New school system (only serves upper-class) 99
  pop. Are peasants
• Railroads, telegraph, postal service

13
Theosophical Library Madras, 1913
14
Darjeeling Railroad, 1880s
15
Costs

• Local economies destroyed by British
  Manufacturing
• British Textiles put 1,000s out of work (mostly
  women)
• Tax collectors abuse peasants
• Indians forced to grow cotton-not food led to
  FAMINE
• British Rule is degrading take best jobs
  houses
• Arrogant racist attitudes lead to nationalist
  movement

16
A LifeofLeisure
17
Living Like a Maharajah
18
Simla Little England in the mountains of
India
19
The Rise of Indian Nationalism
20
the Indian National Congress

• 1885 ? formed in response to British domination
• swaraj ? independence. the goal of the
  movement.
• Made up of English- educated upper class
• Mostly Hindu

21
the Muslim League 1906
Formed due to rivalries between Hindus Muslims.
22
Mohandas K. Gandhi,1876

• English educated lawyer emerges as leader
• Sees racial exploitation while working in South
  Africa
• Promotes nonviolent resistance against unjust
  laws

23
Gandhi as a Young Barrister in Natal
24
Gandhi as a Lawyer in Johannesburg, So. Africa
25
Mohandas Gandhi
26
Independence Movement

• Goal force British to improve the lot of the
  poor grant independence
• Called Mahatma (great soul) resisting unjust
  laws was moral path (peaceful protests
  marches)
• Movement leads to an Indian cultural revival in
  literature, poetry, social reform spirituality

27
Salt March, 1930
MakingSalt
28
Hunger Strike
29
Salt March, 1930
MakingSalt
30
The End of the Raj August 15, 1947
31
Pre-Partition
32
Partition