Wednesday

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Unit Ahead

• Wednesday
• HW
• Read p63-73 1-4

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What roles does neurobiology play in
psychological functioning?

• Mr. Szymanski

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Objectives

• Explain the major parts of the brain and their
  functions
• Explain how the left and right brain interact and
  the functions of each
• Describe the basic actions of neurons
• Locate endocrine glands in the body and cite
  their main functions

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• The function of the nervous system is to gather
  and process information, produce responses to
  stimuli, and coordinate the workings of different
  cells.
• central nervous system (CNS) brain and spinal
  cord receives, processes, interprets, and stores
  information and sends messages destined for
  muscles, glands, and organs
• peripheral nervous system (PNS)transmits
  information to and from the CNS by way of sensory
  and motor nerves.

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Central Nervous System

• Which parts developed earliest?
• Which parts are most complex?

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The peripheral nervous divided

• somatic nervous system permits sensation and
  voluntary actions
• autonomic nervous system, which regulates blood
  vessels, glands, and internal (visceral) organs.
  The autonomic system usually functions without
  conscious control.
• autonomic nervous system is divided
• sympathetic nervous system which mobilizes the
  body for action
• parasympathetic nervous system, which conserves
  energy.

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Why two contrary systems?
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Neuron Structures
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Communicating Across Gaps

• Communication between two neurons occurs at the
  synapse .

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Mapping the Brain

• lesion method with animals
• electroencephalograms (EEGs),
• transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS),
• positron-emission tomography (PET
• scans), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

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localization of function

• medulla heartbeat and breathing,
• pons is involved in sleeping, waking, and
  dreaming
• reticular activating system alertness. (RAS)

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Compensate much?

• cerebellum contributes to balance and
  coordination.

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Thalamus

• thalamus directs sensory messages to appropriate
  higher centers

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Hypothalamus

• involved in emotion and in drives associated with
  survival. It also controls the operations of the
  autonomic nervous system and sends out chemicals
  that tell the pituitary gland when to "talk" to
  other endocrine glands.

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Master Blaster runs Bartertown!
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Limbic system

• Controls emotions that we share with other
  animals, and it contains pathways involved in
  pleasure.
• amygdala is responsible for evaluating sensory
  information and quickly determining its emotional
  importance, and for the initial decision to
  approach or withdraw from a person or situation.
• hippocampus has been called the "gateway to
  memory" because it plays a critical role in the
  formation of long-term memories for facts and
  events.

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Limbic System

• What emotions do we have in common with other
  animals

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Localization of function
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Two Halves, One brain
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Split brain
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Gender and the Brain

• Which is A?
• Which is B?
• Why?