Other Chapters

1
Other Chapters

• From the text by Valvano Introduction to
  Embedded Systems Interfacing to the Freescale
  9S12

2
Chapter 8 Seril and Parallel Port Interfacing

• 8.1 General Introduction
• Mechanical Design of Physical Components
• Analog and digital electronics used to connect
  the physical components.
• Low level software that transforms the
  mechanical and electrical devices into objects
  that perform the desired tasks.

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8.2 Serial Communications Interface, SCI

• 8.2.1 RS232 Protocol
• 8.2.2 Transmitting in Asynchronous Mode
• 8.2.3 Receiving in Asynchronous Mode
• 8.2.4 9S12 Details
• SCI Baud Rate can be set using the SCI0BD
• SCI control register is SCI0BD
• Table 8.4 has more details
• Program 8.1 shows initialization

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8.3 Synchronous Peripheral Interface, SPI

• Low-bandwidth protocol, up to 100,000 bps
• 8.3.1 SPI Fundamentals
• 8.3.2 SPI Details
• 8.3.3 9s12DPS512 Module Routing Register (for
  port pin configurations)
• 8.3.4 8-bit DAC (external)

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8.4 Scanned Keyboards

• A scanned interface has switches placed in a
  row/column matrix

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8.5 Parallel Port LCD Interface with the HD44780

• LCD Displays are widely used and have replaced
  most of the LED interfaces.

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8.6 Binary Actuators

• 8.6.1 Interface
• Relays, solenoids, and DC Motors have similar
  electrical interfaces.
• There is a coil that the computer drives (or not
  drives) current through.
• 8.6.2 Electromagnetic and Solid-state Relays

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8.7 Pulse-Width Modulation

• Duty cycle of a fixed frequency digital output
  wave is changed to provide power in a variable
  manner.

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8.8 Stepper Motors

• A motor controls the rotational position, instead
  of the rotational speed.

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Ch. 9 Interrupt Programming and Real-Time Systems

• 9.1 I/O Synchronization
• Software Latency
• Real-Time System Definition
• A system that can guarantee a worst case latency.
• Software Response Time is small and bounded.
• 9.2 Interrupt concepts
• An interrupt is the automatic transfer of
  software execution in response to a hardware
  event that is asynchronous with the software
  execution.
• 9.3 Key Wakeup Interrupts
• A wakeup is an interrupt request on the
  rising/falling of an external input signal.

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Ch.9 (cont.)

• 9.4 Periodic Interrupt Programming
• 9.5 Real-Time Interrupt (RTI)
• 9.6 Timer Overflow, Output Compare, and Input
  Capture
• 9.7 Pulse Accumulator
• 9.8 Direct Memory Access
• 9.9 Hardware Debugging Tools (Logic Analyzer and
  In-Circuit Emulator or ICE)
• 9.10 Profiling
• A debugging process that collects the time
  history of strategic variables.

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Chapter 10 Numerical Calculations

• 10.1 Fixed-Point Numbers
• 10.2 Extended Precision Calculations
• 10.3 Expression Evaluation
• 10.4 IEEE Floating-Point Numbers

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Ch. 11 Analog I/O Interfacing

• 11.1 Approximating Continuous Signals in the
  Digital Domain
• 11.2 Digital to Analog Conversion
• 11.3 Music Generation
• 11.4 Analog to Digital Conversion
• 11.5 Multiple Access Circular Queues
• 11.6 Real-Time Data Acquisition
• 11.7 Control Systems

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Ch. 12 Communication Systems

• 12.1 Introduction
• 12.2 Reentrant programming and Critical Sections
• A program segment is reentrant if it can be
  concurrently executed by two (or more) threads.
• 12.3 Interthread Communication and
  Synchronization
• 12.4 Serial Port Interface Using Interrupt
  Synchronization
• 12.5 Distributed Systems

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Ch.12 (cont.)

• 12.6 Design and Implementation of a Controller
  Area Network (CAN)
• CAN is a high-integrity serial data communication
  bus that is used for real-time applications.
• Speeds up to 1Mbps
• 12.7 Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C) Interface
• 2-wire interface (speeds up to 100-400
  kpbs)Version 1
• Version 2speeds up to 2.4 Mbps. (not supported
  by 9S12)
• 12.8 Wireless Communication (page 470)