Organic compounds

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Organic compounds
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Organic compounds

• A compound is organic when it contains C, H,
  usually O, and energy.

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The main four

• Carbohydrates aka carbs or carbos. Quick source
  of energy. ALWAYS HAVE C, H, and O.

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Carbs
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Organic compounds

• Carbohydrates example glucose
• C6H12O6

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Organic compounds

• Lipids fats, waxes, oils, steroids. LOTS of
  energy.
• Animal fat bad
• Plant fat good

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• Cells use lipids for energy storage, insulation,
  and protective coatings.
• Major components of the membrane that surround
  all living cells

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Glycerol fatty acids
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Unsaturated vs Saturated fats
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Organic compounds

• Proteins Chains of amino acids, contain N.
  (enzymes are proteins)

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Proteins
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• Provide structure for tissue and organs and carry
  out cell metabolism.
• Metabolism all the chemical reactions that occur
  within an organism.
• The basic building blocks are amino acids (a.a.)
• A structural building block of many organism
• Enzymes are proteins

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AMINO ACID
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Protein functions

• Important for contraction of muscle tissue,
  transporting oxygen in the blood stream,
  providing immunity, regulation of proteins, and
  carrying out reactions.
• Example Enzyme

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Enzyme
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Organic compounds

• Nucleic Acids DNA, RNA. Which is basically sugar
  with phosphates.

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Nucleic Acids

• A complex macromolecule that stores cellular
  information in the form of a code
• smaller subunits are nucleotides

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Synthesis Vs. Decomposition

• Synthesis chemical reactions in order to get a
  product
• Decomposition chemical reactions in order to
  break up products

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Synthesis Vs. Decomposition

• Anabolism Synthesis, requires energy.
• A B energy ? AB

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Examples of Anabolism

• Increased body size
• Fat storage
• growth
• muscle build up.

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Anabolic hormones

• Growth hormone
• Testosterone
• estrogen

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Synthesis Vs. Decomposition

• Catabolism Decomposition, releases energy
• AB ? A B energy

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• Breaks down larger molecules (decomposition).
  releases energy for the maintenance of living
  cells.

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Synthesis Vs. Decomposition

• Examples of decomposition
• Fat break down
• Metabolism

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Acids and Bases

• pH is a measurement of Hydrogen ion (H) in a
  solution.
• Acid High H low OH-
• Base Low H High OH-

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pH Scale

• The scale goes from 1 to 14.
• 1-6 are acidic
• 7 is neutral
• 8-14 are basic

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pH

• Bloods pH is about 7.35-7.45. So is our blood
  basic or acidic?

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• If the pH is altered below or above the norm it
  will disrupt the stability of cell membranes,
  alter protein structure, and change the
  activities of important enzymes.
• Below 7.35-acidosis
• Above 7.45-alkalosis
• Affects the nervous system and cardiovascular
  system.

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pH Scale

• Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a strong acid.
• Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a strong base.

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