Colonial America

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Colonial America

• Unit 1 Notes 1
• 9/6/13
• Mr. Welch

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The Northern Colonies New Hampshire Massachusetts
Rhode Island Connecticut
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Creation of New England

• English Protestants who wanted to purify the
  Church of England of all Catholic traces were
  known as puritans
• They wanted to form a colony where they could
  practice their religion freely
• In England, they were persecuted for their
  beliefs by King James I
• Some Puritans wanted total separation from the
  church they were known as Separatists

4
Coming to America

• The Pilgrims were a group of Separatists who set
  sail for America in 1620 on the Mayflower
• After a 2 months at sea they landed in
  Massachusetts
• There they signed the Mayflower Compact, a legal
  contract where they agreed to make laws for the
  general good
• This is one of the first attempts at self-govt
  in the colonies

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Massachusetts Bay Colony

• Inspired by the Pilgrims soon more Puritans moved
  to New England
• Puritan merchants founded the Massachusetts Bay
  Colony
• The port town of Boston became the colonys
  thriving capital
• Plymouth colony was eventually incorporated
• John Winthrop became the leader of the MBC, he
  believed that the colony should be a moral
  society model for others to follow
• We (New England) shall be as a City upon a Hill.
  The eyes of all people are upon us.
• The MBC grew quickly, by 1643 there were 16,000
  inhabitants

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John Winthrop the MBC
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Rhode Island

• The strict rule of the MBC caused many to leave
  the colony and settle new towns in other parts of
  New England
• Rhode Island was founded by Roger Williams
• He expressed that English settlers had no
  rightful claim to the land unless they purchased
  it from the Native Americans
• He argued that every person should be free to
  worship according to his or her conscience
• Rhode Island was founded with the ideas of
  religious freedom and separation of church and
  state

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Economy of the North

• Massachusetts Shipbuilding, shipping, fishing,
  lumber, rum, meat products
• New Hampshire Ship masts, lumber, fishing, trade
• Connecticut Shipping, livestock, foodstuffs
• Rhode Island Rum, iron foundries, shipbuilding,
  snuff livestock

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The Middle Colonies New York New Jersey
Pennsylvania Delaware
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Pennsylvania

• King Charles II, owed money and favors to many
  people
• In order to pay them back he established
  proprietary colonies, or land grants to loyal
  friends
• William Penn was awarded land as part of an old
  debt
• He established Pennsylvania as a haven for
  Quakers
• Quakers believed in pacifism and tolerance so
  people of all religions were welcomes
• Penn also believed in the Native Americans right
  to land

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New York

• King Charles also granted land to his brother
  James the Duke of York
• The land had previously been claimed by the Dutch
• By 1674 the land was firmly in the hands of the
  English and the colony was renamed New York
• The colonist of New York were very diverse having
  English, Dutch, Scandinavian, German, French
  backgrounds

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Economy of the Middle Colonies

• New York furs, wheat, glass, shoes, livestock,
  shipping, ship building, rum, beer, snuff
• Delaware trade, foodstuffs
• New Jersey trade, foodstuffs, copper
• Pennsylvania flax, shipbuilding

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The Southern Colonies Georgia South Carolina
North Carolina Virginia Maryland
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Virginia

• In 1607 Jamestown became the first English
  settlement to survive
• Their economy was largely based on the very
  profitable tobacco plant
• Indentured servants and African slaves were
  needed for the very labor intensive harvest of
  the plant
• By the late 1600s it became more profitable for
  the tobacco farmers to have only slaves

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Maryland the Carolinas

• In 1634 Lord Baltimore established the colony of
  Maryland as a refuge for English Catholics
• Catholics were also being persecuted in England
  for their beliefs
• The Carolinas and Georgia also started out as
  land grants from King Charles II
• In southern Carolina rich rice plantations grew
  up along rivers
• Their economy depended heavily on slave labor
• In northern Carolina mainly had small farmers
• These differences led to their official
  separation by the king

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Economy of the Southern Colonies

• Virginia tobacco, wheat, cattle, iron
• Maryland Tobacco, wheat, snuff
• North Carolina naval supplies, tobacco, furs
• South Carolina rice, indigo, silk
• Georgia indigo, rice, naval supplies, lumber