Communicable Disease

1
Communicable Disease

• Aim How can someone contract a communicable
  disease?

2
Influenza

• What is it
• A contagious respiratory illness
• Who can get it
• Elderly, young children, and those with certain
  health conditions are more susceptible
• How does it spread
• Due to respiratory droplets from coughing and
  sneezing.
• Usually from person to person, but occasionally
  from touching something with the virus on it.

3
Influenza (cont)

• Symptoms
• High fever, headache, extreme tiredness, dry
  cough, sore throat, runny/stuffy nose, and muscle
  aches.
• Vaccines/Treatments
• Flu shot
• Nasal flu vaccine
• Some strains can be treat with antiviral drugs

4
Meningitis

• What is it
• A severe bacterial or viral infection of the
  bloodstream or meninges.
• Who can get it
• Anyone, however it is more common in infants and
  children.
• First-year college students living in dorms are
  at an increased risk.

5
Meningitis (cont)

• How does it spread
• The meningococcal germ is spread by direct close
  contact with nose or throat discharge.
• Symptoms Appear 2-10 days after exposure
• High fever, Vomiting, Headache, Rash, Stiff neck
• Vaccine/ Treatment
• Antibiotics- penicillin
• Vaccine release in 2005 called Menactra

6
Mononucleosis

• What is it
• A viral disease that affects certain blood cells
• Who can get it
• At risk group includes late childhood to early
  adulthood.
• How does it spread
• Person to person contact via saliva

7
Mononucleosis (cont)

• Symptoms Appears 4-6 weeks after exposure
• Fever, sore throat, swollen glands, and extreme
  tiredness.
• Symptoms can last one to several weeks.
• Vaccine/Treatments
• No vaccine at this time
• No physical activity
• REST

8
Hepatitis

• What is it
• A viral infection that affects the liver.
• Hep. A is an acute infection
• Hep B and C are more chronic
• Who can get it
• Hep A- People living in areas with many cases
• Men involved in homosexual intercourse
• Sexual contact with infected person
• Drug users

9
Hepatitis

• Who can get it
• Hep B- Those who have been diagnosed with an STD
• Multiple sex partners
• IV drug users
• Born to infected mother
• Hep C- Those who had a blood transfusion before
  1992.
• Long term dialysis patients
• People with risky sexual behaviors
• Sharing personal hygiene products with infected
  person

10
Hepatitis (cont)

• How does it spread
• Hep A- Person to person contact from someone who
  was in contact with fecal matter of an infected
  person.
• Hep B- Sexual contact and needles
• Hep C- Direct contact with infected blood.

11
Hepatitis (cont)

• Symptoms
• Hep A- mild fever, nausea, vomiting, fatigue,
  addominal pain, and jaundice.
• Hep B- May never experience symptoms, but can
  cause liver damage.
• Hep C- Many dont realize they have it until a
  test shows liver damage.

12
Hepatitis (cont)

• Vaccine/Treatments
• Hep A- Vaccine available at 1 yr of age. Also
  recommended when traveling to certain countries
• Hep B- has a vaccine for those in high risk
  situations and is not recommended for infants,
  early childhood, and adolescents
• Hep C- no vaccine