IB History of the Americas

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• IB History of the Americas

U.S. Immigration Policy
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U.S. Immigration 1830-2000
National Origins Acts (Quota Acts)
Open Immigration
Immigration Nationality Act
Gentlemens Agreement
Chinese Exclusion Act
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Why do people immigrate?

• Push Factors Reasons why migrants leave their
  homelands.
• Pull Factors Reasons why migrants are attracted
  to certain areas.

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Three Waves of U.S. Immigration

• First Wave (Old Immigrants) 1840-1860
• Second Wave (New Immigrants) 1880-1920
• Third Wave (Newest Immigrants) 1965-Present

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First Wave (Old) Immigrants

• Arrived 1840-1860
• Origins Ireland Germany
• Most were Catholic
• Push Factors Potato Famine, Religious
  Political Persecution and Instability
• Pull Factors Jobs in northeastern factories

A Nativist Political Cartoon
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Discrimination Against Asians

• Chinese laborers recruited for railroad
  construction in the West
• CA excluded from mining
• Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) Prohibited Chinese
  Korean Immigration to U.S.
• Gentlemens Agreement (1907) Japan would not
  allow its citizens to migrate to the U.S.

By Thomas Nast (1882)
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Second Wave (New) Immigrants

• Arrived 1880-1920
• Origins Southern Eastern Europe
• Diverse Languages Religions (Catholic, Jewish,
  Eastern Orthodox)
• Push Factors Religious persecution, economic
  politicl instability
• Pull Factors Jobs created by industrialization

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Second Wave Immigration 1880-1920
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Third Wave (Newest) Immigrants

• Arrived 1965-Present
• Origins Everywhere... (Esp. Latin America, Asia,
  Eastern Europe)
• Push Factors Lower standard of living, ethnic or
  religious persecution
• Pull Factors Jobs economic prosperity

A Naturalization Ceremony for New Citizens
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Nativism

• Nativism Anti-Immigrant Feelings
• The Know Nothings Anti-Immigrant Group in the
  1850s mainly targeted Irish Germans
• Anti-Chinese discrimination violence in the
  1880s
• The Ku Klux Klan In the 1920s, northern faction
  mainly targeted immigrants (mainly Catholics
  Jews)
• The Quota Acts were clear examples of Nativist
  legislation.