Chapter 17 Section 3

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Allies Stem Japanese Tide

• Priority was to defeat Nazis, but US did not wait
  to move against Japan
• US submarines still existing
• US aircraft carriers were at sea during attack on
  Pearl Harbor

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Japanese Advances

• 1st 6 months after Pearl Harbor- conquered empire
  that dwarfed Hitlers
• Conquered most of South Pacific-as far west as
  Aleutians-part of Alaska

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Japanese Advances

• Philippines-80,000 Americans commanded by General
  Douglas MacArthur-held out against 200,000
  Japanese for 4 months

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Japanese Advances

• 14,000 killed, another 48,000 wounded
• MacArthur eventually had to abandon Philippines-
  I shall return
• Japanese military dazzled by their success
• Now had 150 million new subjects spread over
  1/7th of the globe

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US Retaliation

• 4/18/42-16 bombers led by James Doolittle take
  off of USS Hornet
• Bombed Tokyo military targets
• Boosted American morale, caused concern among the
  Japanese

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US Retaliation

• May 1942- US and Australian forces intercept
  Japanese fleet targeting Australia-Battle of the
  Coral Sea
• New Warfare-all fighting done with carrier-based
  planes-opposing ships never saw each other

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US Retaliation

• Allies lost more ships than Japanese
• Japanese fleet too short of fuel to continue to
  Australia-1st time Japanese had been stopped
• Moral victory for the US

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Battle of Midway

• June 1942- Chester Nimitz-commander of American
  forces in Pacific- learned Japanese invasion
  force heading for Midway then on to Pearl Harbor
• 110 Japanese ships
• Largest assemblage of naval power in history

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Battle of Midway

• US outnumbered 4 to 1-prepared a surprise for
  Japanese at Midway
• Americans ordered to inflict maximum damage on
  the enemy

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Battle of Midway

• Japanese lose 4 aircraft carriers, a cruiser, 322
  planes
• Americans avenged Pearl Harbor

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Island Hopping

• Lots of distance between island on in the Pacific
• Japanese troops dug in on hundreds of islands
• Taking each island would be long and costly

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Island Hopping

• Americans leapfrogged Japanese strongholds
• Seized less-fortified islands, built airfields,
  used airpower to cut Japanese supply lines
• Starved out Japanese strong points

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Island Hopping

• 1st land offensive of Japanese war- Guadalcanal
  in Solomon Islands
• 19,000 marines
• 6 months later-Japanese leave
• 1st Japanese defeat on land

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Island Hopping

• October 1944- 178,000 Allied troops 738 ships
  converge on Leyte Island in the Philippines
• Japanese throw entire fleet into the battle
• Japanese introduce kamikaze-suicide plane

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Island Hopping

• In the Philippines- 424 kamikazes-sunk 16 US
  ships and damaged another 80
• Leyte Gulf a disaster for Japan
• Lost 3 battleships
• 4 aircraft carriers
• 13 cruisers
• 400 planes

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The Battle of Iwo Jima Beginning the Final Push
to Japan By Micah Burden Medal of Honor Legacy
Teachers Program
Mt. Suribachi was taken within days, but the
fighting continued for three more weeks
The Japanese knew that the U.S. would use Iwo
Jima to strike Japan
The American invasion force lands on February 19,
1945
the stark reality of the casualties sustained
by the Americans on Iwo Jimabegged the question
of how costly the final assault on Japan might
be.
Fighting lasted from Februry 19th to March 26th
1945. Only 200 of the 20,000 Japanese
survived. 6,000 American Marines were killed. An
additional 18,000 were wounded.