Plan%20Colombia

1
Plan Colombia

• Ashleigh Uhler, Matt Herten, Dan Deminski and
  Jordan (Felix) Pangelinan

2
Introduction

• Plan Colombia encompasses joint efforts by U.S.
  Colombia to curb guerilla insurgency
• Combatting drug trade funding FARC and ELN
• Anti-drug message for both nations

U.S. drug czar Barry McCaffrey
3
Guerilla Problem in Colombia

• Left-wing insurgency efforts against right-wing
  paramilitary power
• FARC and ELN the two main players for the left
• AUC acts as insurgency for the right

Colombian Army Soldiers
4
Planning of Plan Colombia

• President Andres Pastrana proposed a "Marshall
  Plan for Colombia"
• US had issues with drug flow from Colombia
• Presidents Pastrana and Clinton met in 1998,
  proposing US aid to the Colombian efforts

5
Beginning of the Plan under Clinton

• Clinton pledged 1 billion to the plan in 2000
• 78 of American funds went to Colombian military
  and police forces
• Colombia became the third largest recipient of US
  foreign aid

6
The Original Plan

• - Compared to The Marshall Plan
• -intention of channeling military and
  developmental aid from international
  organizations and foreign governments into the
  country
• -"plan for peace, prosperity and the
  strengthening of the state"

7
The Original Plan

• - Consisted of Five Elements
• - The Peace Process
• - Economic Recuperation Strategy
• - Anti-narcotic Strategy
• - Human Rights and Judicial Reform
• - Strengthening of Rule of Law
• - Originally drafted in English, then translated
  into Spanish

8
Plan Objectives

• United States perspective
• Prevent the flow of illegal drugs into the United
  States
• Help Colombia promote peace and economic
  development ? regional security in the Andes

• Colombian perspective
• Promote peace and economic development, and
  increase security
• Addressing drug trafficking as key aspect

9
The Original Plan

• - Required 7.5 Billion
• - Colombia 4.9 Billion
• - U.S. 1.3 Billion allocated for military
  usage
• - Rest to be proved by EU and NGO support

10
Financing Plan Colombia

• Original Plan called for 7.5 billion US dollars
• 51 Institution/Social Development
• 32 Fighting Drugs
• 16 Economic/Social Revitalization
• .8 To resolve the guerilla relationship

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Problems with Financing

• - International community was reluctant to
  finance the plan unsure of plan's success rate
• - Many disapproved of the Financial Negotiations
  approved by U.S.
• - Colombia unable to reach 4.9 million resulting
  from 1999-2001 economic crisis

12
The New Plan

• - Focused the plan to concentrate on drug
  trafficking and training the military
• - 78 of U.S. Aid (2000) channeled to
  counternarcotics and military training
• - Combating the FARC Guerillas

13
US Aid

• US Aid has totaled 8 billion dollars over the
  last decade
• The majority of it spend on military aid
• Because of this aid, Colombia was the 3rd
  largest recipient of foreign aid in the early
  2000s.
• President Bush made changes to funding in 2004

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Funding Allocation

• Training and equipment for Antinarcotics Teams
• Helicopters, transport
• Intelligence
• Coca Eradication Equipment

15
Plan Colombia Under the Bush Administration- 2001

• Aid is expanded to surrounding countries
• Worried about expanding drug operations into
  poor border areas
• Appropriates 676 million for Counter drug
  Initiative
• 380 million given directly to Colombia

16
Plan Colombia Under the Bush Administration -
2001

• Civilian contractors now carry military weapons
• Claim to be protecting personnel and military
  equipment
• Funding of social programs in Colombia
• Crop development, improve human rights, create
  jobs

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Plan Colombia Under the Bush Administration
2004

• Appropriated 727 million to Counter Drug
  Initiative
• 463 million given directly to Colombia
• Military Advisors are increased from 400 to 800
  people
• Private contractors are increased from 400 to
  600 people

18
Results according to US Government

• Coca production going down
• Military Presence increase in Columbia
• US Military in Columbia

19
The Colombian People

• Turmoil in the country
• Quasi civil war
• Aerial fumigation
• Herbicides on legal crops
• Providing economic alternatives?

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2010 Base Agreement

• 1999 U.S. Gained 10 year agreement to have
  access to provide logistical support to the
  Colombia through the military base of Manta
  (Ecuador)
• First seen as a hope to economic growth, but
  became unwanted neighbor to local towns people,
  initiating operations against Ecuadorean fishing
  boats involved in drug trafficking
• July 2009, U.S. Left Manta, Ecuadorean President
  Correa refused to renew contract

21
2010 Base Agreement

• Jul 2009, U.S. granted access by President Uribe
  to three military bases in Colombia
• Resistance to U.S. access to Colombian Bases
• Undermined national sovereignty
• Bolivia, Ecuador, Venezuela
• any politician who allowed U.S. troops into
  their country is a traitor to his country, a
  traitor to his fatherland