Ancient China Warring Kingdoms Unite 5-3

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Ancient ChinaWarring Kingdoms Unite5-3
Objectives

• 1. Learn about the rise of the Qin dynasty.
• 2. Find out how the emperor Shi Huandgi
  attempted to unify the economy and the culture of
  China.
• 3. Examine the actions of the Han dynasty
  leaders.

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These terra-cotta warriors guarded Shi Huangdis
tomb in the ancient city of Changan, China.
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Shi Huangdi
He was the founder of the Qin dynasty and Chinas
first emperor
Their leader named himself the First Emperor, or
Shi Huangdi.
He unified China.
He ordered the largest construction project in
Chinese History- which was?
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The Great Wall of China- how was this built?

• Shi Huangdis wall took about 10 years to
  construct.

• It fell into disrepair after Shi Huangdis death.

• Other emperors repaired it, and added new
  sections. Experts think it is about 1,500 miles
  long.

Hundreds of thousands of farmers and merchants
were ordered to connect existing defensive walls.
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The Qin Dynasty
The Qin came to power in 221 B.C.
They were one of the western states that existed
during the Warring States Period. They conquered
the other Warring States.
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Unifying Economy and Culture

• Shi Huangdi
• declared that one currency be used throughout
  China.
• (Currency- the type of money used by a
  group or a nation)
• created common weights and measures, an improved
  system of writing and a law code.
• outlawed the ideas of Confucius and other
  important thinkers
• believed that people should be punished for bad
  behavior and rewarded for good.
• commanded all of the books be burned except
  those about medicine, technology and farming.

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Many dynasties ruled through the long history-
each rose and fell in a similar pattern. Why do
dynasties fall? Why might a dynasty become weaker
as it gets larger?
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How did Shi Huangdi try to limit his peoples
freedoms?

• By outlawing the ideas of Confucius and other
  thinkers, requiring that people learn the ideas
  of the Qin scholars, enforcing legalism, burning
  books and having scholars who protested killed.

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Han Dynasty- lasted 400 years

• Liu Bang

• In 202 BC Liu won over his rivals and became the
  emperor of China
• He was a peasant.
• He created a stable government that was less
  harsh than Shi Huangdis.

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The Qin Han Dynasties
Compare the two dynasties for time period,
location and size.
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Wudi

• 140 BC
• Lui Bangs greatgrandson
• Han dynasty reached its greatest power.
• Ruled for more than 50 years from age 15.
• His name means great warrior
• Strengthened the army.

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Decline of the Han Empire
After Wudi died, many new young rulers struggled
for power, but no one paid attention to running
the empire.
As the empire weakened, warlords gained power.
Opposing the Warlords
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Warlords

• Local leaders of armed groups.
• Cao Pei kept the last Han emperor in power and
  tried to control the empire.
• In 220 he declared an end to the Han dynasty and
  set up his own dynasty called the Wei.
• The Wei dynasty ended after about 50 years.
• China then broke into many smaller kingdoms.

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What happened in A.D. 220?

• Cao Pei declared an end to the Han dynasty and
  set up his own Wei dynasty.