Breeds, Types, and Classes of Horses

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Breeds, Types, and Classes of Horses

• Chapter 3

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Breeding True

• The offspring will almost always posses the same
  characteristics as the parent

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3 Foundation Stallions of Thoroughbred

• Darley Arabian
• Byerly Turk
• Godophin Arabian

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Foundation Sire of the Morgan

• Justin Morgan

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Foundation Sire of the Tennessee Walking Horse

• Morgan Stallion
• Allen F-1

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Morgan stallions contributed to the development

• Standardbred
• Quarter
• American Albino
• Palomino

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Height

• Measured in hands
• From top of withers to the ground
• Hand 4 inches

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Classification of Horses

• Light 12-17.2 hands
• 900 to 1400 lbs
• Used for riding driving show, racing, or utility
  on farm or ranch
• Draft 14.2-17.2 hands
• 1400lbs or gt
• Used for heavy work or pulling

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• Ponies 14.2 or lt hands
• 500 to 900 lbs.

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Warm vs Cold Blood

• Warm refers to temperament of light to medium
  horse breeds
• -fine boned and suitable for riding
• -all breeds not definitely
• Cold heavy, solid, strong horses with a calm
  temperment

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Cob

• Sturdy, placid horse
• 14.2 to 15.2 hands
• Not heavy or coarse enough to be draft

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Hack

• Enjoyable
• Good riding or driving
• Saddlebred in America

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Miniature Horses

• 34 inches at the withers max

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Feral Horses

• Once domesticated and now wild
• ADA mustang

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Donkey breeds

• Mammoth Jack
• Large Standard
• Miniature Mediterranean Donkey
• American Spotted Ass
• Miniature donkeys 36 inches or lt in height

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Mule or Hinny cross between donkey and horse

• Mule offspring of a male donkey (jack) and a
  female horse (mare)
• Hinny cross male horse (stallion) and a female
  donkey (jenny)

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Mare

• Female horse
• Usually after having an offspring.

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Filly

• Young female horse

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Brood Mare

• Mare that is used strictly for breeding

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Stallion

• Male horse
• STUD

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Colt

• Young male horse

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Gelding

• Castrated Male Horse

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Foal

• Young Horse male or female

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Hand

• Unit of measurement for horses
• 4 inches

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Pony

• A breed of horse that is under 14.2 hands.

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Light Horse

• Most horses, riding size.
• Above 14.2 hands
• 800 1200 lbs.

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Draft Horse

• Work horses
• Above 14 hands
• 1100 2500 lbs

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Colors of Horses
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Black

• Solid black all over its body
• Mane, tail, skin and points black

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Bay

• always has a black mane and tail and usually has
  black points. Can vary from a light, yellowish
  tan to a dark, rich reddish brown color.

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Brown

• Coat varies from medium to dark brown

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Sorrel or Chestnut

• Basically red
• Mane and tail never black

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Gray

• Mixture of black and white hairs
• Dark skin
• Born dark and lighten with age

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Paint

• Piebald black and white spot
• Skewbald white and any other color than black
• Tobiano white color extends downward over the
  horses back
• Overa white extends up from the belly and legs
  towards the back

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Palomino

• Golden color, with a light colored mane and tail
• Mane and tail can be white, silver, or ivory

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Buckskin or Dun

• Modifications of the bay color pattern
• Color ranges from pale yellow to a dirty canvas
  color
• May show a dark stripe down its back and across
  its shoulders

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White

• A true white is born white and stays white
• Pure white hair, pinks skin, and brown or blue
  eyes

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Blue or Red Roan

• Has a mixture of white and colored hairs