Water on Earth

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Water on Earth

• The Water Cycle

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The Science of the Water Cycle
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3 States of Water

• Solid ice

Gas Water Vapor
Liquid -water
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3 States of Water
Middleschoolchemistry.com

• Solid- molecules packed together and vibrating
  very slowly

Ice animation
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Liquid
Middleschoolchemistry.com

• Molecules loosely packed and sliding past each
  other

Compare a solid and a liquid animation
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Vapor (gas)
Middleschoolchemistry.com

• Molecules are spread far apart and moving fast

Comparing solid, liquid, gas animation
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How does water change state?

• By adding or removing heat energy
• Add energy
• (think Energy In)
• Remove energy
• (think Energy Exits)

Heating and cooling of a solid animation Heating
and cooling of a liquid melting ice
animation Heating and cooling of a gas
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Changing States Is energy added or removed?

• Ice melting- energy is ________
• Water freezing- energy is _________
• Water boiling- energy is __________
• Adding and removing energy

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Where does this energy come from to change the
state the water is in?

• This process is driven by the sun and its energy

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Water Cycle

• Water Cycle Video

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What is the Water Cycle?

• The continuous movement of water into the air,
  onto land, and back into the air over and over
  again

Water Cycle
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Water Cycle- Evaporation

• The sun heats up liquid water
• and turns it into water vapor (gas)
• Water vapor is invisible

The smoke we see is from the vapor condensing
Evaporation animation
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Water Cycle- Transpiration

• Do plants sweat?
• Well, sort of.... people perspire (sweat) and
  plants transpire. 
• Transpiration is the process by which plants lose
  water out of their leaves. 
• Transpiration gives evaporation
• a bit of a hand in getting the water
• vapor back up into the air.

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Water Cycle- Condensation

• Water vapor in the air gets cold and changes back
  into liquid, forming clouds

Condensation animation
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Water Cycle- Precipitation

• The solid or liquid water that
• Falls from the air to the surface
• -rain, snow, sleet, hail

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Water Cycle- Runoff

• Water that flows across land and collects in
  rivers, streams, and eventually the ocean

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Water Cycle- Groundwater

• Water
• located
• within the
• rocks below
• the Earths
• surface

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Changing states in the Water Cycle

• Evaporation- energy is_________
• Condensation- energy is __________
• Transpiration- energy is ___________

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Water Everywhere!

• Water is MATTER.
• -What is matter?
• It has Mass and Volume.

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Conservation of Matter

• Water cannot be created, nor destroyed. It
  cycles. It changes state (remember the 3 phases-
  solid, liquid, gas) it never decreases or
  increases in total amount.
• We do not have more or less water now than we did
  millions of years ago!!
• The Water Cycle just keeps going, and going, and
  going, and going

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More examples of Conservation of Matter

• Rock cycle
• Weathering/Erosion/Deposition
• Plate tectonics