Ecology and Biome Review

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Ecology and Biome Review
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Vocabulary
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Characteristics that help and organism survive

• Adaptations

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Organisms that eat both plants and animals

• Omnivores

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A region of the earth that is characterized by
the climate and organisms that live there

• Biome

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A relationship in which both organisms benefit
from each other

• Mutualism

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A diagram that shows a single pathway of energy
flow

• Food chain

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Living factors in an environment

• Biotic

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Organisms that feed on dead animals

• Scavengers

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Name the Biome!
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Cold Desert, permafrost

• Tundra

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Most Biodiversity

• Tropical Rain forest

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Freshwater meets saltwater

• Estuary

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Wet and dry season

• Grasslands

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Hot day, cold night

• Desert

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Leaves change colors

• Deciduous Forest

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Evergreens, Snow, Pine trees

• Taiga, Coniferous forest

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Lichen, moss, snowy owl

• Tundra

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Nutrient-poor soil, wet

• Tropical Rain forest

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Most abundant producer in the ocean

• Phytoplankton

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Which of the following statements about savannas
is true?

• a. During the wet season, they receive little
  rain.
• b. Their inhabitants include large herbivores.
• c. They are characterized by steep mountains.
• d. They are characterized by having 4 seasons.
  during the year.

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• a. During the wet season, they receive little
  rain.
• b. Their inhabitants include large herbivores.
• c. They are characterized by steep mountains.
• d. They are characterized by having 4 seasons.
  during the year.

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The first type of organism in any food chain is a
_______.
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Producer
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What type of consumer cannot be the primary
consumer?
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Carnivore
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____ are the main abiotic factors that determine
the type of biome found in a region.

• Rainfall and temperature
• Shade and wildlife
• Temperature and elevation
• d. Soil color and acidity

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____ are the main abiotic factors that determine
the type of biome found in a region.

• Rainfall and temperature
• Shade and wildlife
• Temperature and elevation
• d. Soil color and acidity

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What type of diagram shows how energy is lost as
you move up a food chain?
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Energy Pyramid
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The most biologically diverse biome is the

• swamp.
• grassland.
• tundra.
• tropical rain forest.

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The most biologically diverse biome is the

• swamp.
• grassland.
• tundra.
• tropical rain forest.

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Which of the following describes the location of
the tundra biome?

1. East coast of the U.S.
2. Just north of the United States
3. North of Canada
4. Central America

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Which of the following describes the location of
the tundra biome?

1. East coast of the U.S.
2. Just north of the United States
3. North of Canada
4. Central America

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Leaves change colors on ____ trees in autumn.

• a. coniferous c. deciduous
• b. permafrost d. abiotic

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Leaves change colors on ____ trees in autumn.

• a. coniferous c. deciduous
• b. permafrost d. abiotic

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Deciduous trees are able to conserve water in
winter by

• growing spines.
• staying green year-round.
• hibernating.
• losing their leaves.

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Deciduous trees are able to conserve water in
winter by

• growing spines.
• staying green year-round.
• hibernating.
• losing their leaves.

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____ trees produce seeds in cones and do NOT lose
their leaves in autumn.

• Coniferous
• Deciduous
• Tropical
• Abiotic

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____ trees produce seeds in cones and do NOT lose
their leaves in autumn.

• Coniferous
• Deciduous
• Tropical
• Abiotic

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The topsoil in a tropical rain forest is usually

• nutrient rich and fertile.
• swampy and rich
• nutrient poor.
• d. has permafrost

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The topsoil in a tropical rain forest is usually

• nutrient rich and fertile.
• swampy and rich
• nutrient poor.
• d. has permafrost

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• A ____ is a tropical grassland with scattered
  clumps of trees.
• a. prairie c. pampas
• b. savanna d. steppe

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• A ____ is a tropical grassland with scattered
  clumps of trees.
• a. prairie c. pampas
• b. savanna d. steppe

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• Salt and fresh water mix in
• a. an estuary. c. a coral reef.
• b. the Sargasso Sea. d. the benthic zone.

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• Salt and fresh water mix in
• a. an estuary. c. a coral reef.
• b. the Sargasso Sea. d. the benthic zone.

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• In temperate deciduous forests,
• a. most trees lose their leaves in the fall to
  survive the cold winter.
• b. the soil is rich, and plants cover much of the
  forest floor.
• c. many animals eat nuts, berries, and leaves.
• d. All of the above

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• In temperate deciduous forests,
• a. most trees lose their leaves in the fall to
  survive the cold winter.
• b. the soil is rich, and plants cover much of the
  forest floor.
• c. many animals eat nuts, berries, and leaves.
• d. All of the above

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• Tropical rain forests contain
• a. many trees that form a tall, dense canopy
  above the forest floor.
• b. vines that climb tall tree trunks for
  support.
• c. many low-growing plants that do not require a
  lot of light.
• d. All of the above

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• Tropical rain forests contain
• a. many trees that form a tall, dense canopy
  above the forest floor.
• b. vines that climb tall tree trunks for
  support.
• c. many low-growing plants that do not require a
  lot of light.
• d. All of the above

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• Which biome has the highest average yearly
  rainfall?
• a. deciduous forest c. tropical rain forest
• b. coniferous forest d. grassland

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• Which biome has the highest average yearly
  rainfall?
• a. deciduous forest c. tropical rain forest
• b. coniferous forest d. grassland

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• Which biome has the lowest average yearly
  rainfall?
• a. desert c. Taiga
• b. savanna d. coniferous forest

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• Which biome has the lowest average yearly
  rainfall?
• a. desert c. Taiga
• b. savanna d. coniferous forest

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A role an organism plays in its environment is
called a ______
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• Niche

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A group of the same species that occupy an area
are called a ______
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Population
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The study of how organisms interact with one
another and their environment is called _____.
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Ecology
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The area in which an organism lives is called
its _______.
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Habitat
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Organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile
offspring are called __________.
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Species
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List three diagrams that show how energy flows
throughout an ecosystem
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Energy web, Food chain, and an energy pyramid
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Which biome includes animals who have adapted to
burrowing themselves underground to escape direct
sunlight during the day and come out during the
cold night to hunt for food?
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Desert
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What types of abiotic factors can influence water
biomes?
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Water flow speed, depth, distance from shore,
temperature, salinity, etc.
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What is the difference between a food web and a
chain?
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Food webs show many pathways of energy flow and
chains show one pathway.
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What is an adaptation of animals found in the
grassland biome?
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-Grazing in herds do decrease the probability of
becoming prey-Speed to catch prey or to get away
from predators-Camo-Hiding in tall grass-Etc.
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• Which biome is characterized by the poorest soil?
• a)Tropical Rainforest
• b) Grassland
• c)Savanna
• d)Temperate Deciduous Forest

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• a)Tropical Rainforest

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• Which biome has 90 centimeters of rainfall per
  year?
• a)Desert
• b)Grassland
• c)Temperate Deciduous Forest
• d)Tropical Rainforest

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b)Grassland
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Describe the biome

• This park marks a transition period between two
  major biomes of North America. Shannon has
  collected growth data on the following trees
  pine, spruce, fir, oak, hickory, and maple. Based
  upon the types of trees that she has collected
  data from, which two biomes have overlap zones in
  Riverside National Park?

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• Temperate Deciduous Forest and Taiga

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• Diane has seen Caribou foraging in tall dense
  forests of conifer trees as well as grazing on an
  abundance of lichen and moss on flat open areas
  of land. Diane is most likely studying the
  caribou along a border that marks the transition
  between two different biomes. Which two biomes
  are these?

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• Tundra and Taiga

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• Complete the following analogy
• High Salinity Marine Mix of high and low
  salinity _________________________
• Estuary
• Lake
• Pond
• Ocean

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• Estuary

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• Which of the following is NOT true of the desert
  biome?
• A. Desert plants have shallow branching roots
• B. They have the highest rainfall of any biome
• C. Desert animals burrow underground or are
  nocturnal
• D. Deserts can be hot during the day and cold at
  night

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B. They have the highest rainfall of any biome
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• Which of the following is NOT true about the
  Taiga biome?
• A. Taiga animals migrate or hibernate during the
  long winter months
• B. Taiga plants have cone shapes and needles to
  avoid snow accumulation
• C. Coniferous trees like pine, spruce, and fir
  are the dominant types of vegetation
• D. Deciduous trees like oak, elm, and hickory are
  the dominant types of vegetation

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• Deciduous trees like oak, elm, and hickory are
  the dominant types of vegetation

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• In the Tundra, snowshoe hares and arctic lemmings
  both feed on lichen and moss. Which of the
  following best identifies the relationship
  between the snowshoe hares and the arctic
  lemmings?
• A. Competition
• B. Symbiosis
• C. Mutualism
• D. Predator/Prey

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A. Competition
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• In the rainforest, trees and other plants compete
  for sunlight. Which of the following best defines
  the sunlight?
• A. limited resource
• B. nonrenewable resource
• C. habitat
• D. niche

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• D. niche

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• Lichen is an association between a fungus and
  algae. In the association, lichen receives food
  in the form of the products of photosynthesis
  from the algae. The algae receives shelter and
  water from the fungus. This relationship is best
  defined as
• A. mutualism.
• B. parasitism
• C. commensalism
• D. competition

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• A. mutualism.

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• Around hot-water vents deep in the ocean live
  specialized communities. Bacteria turn hydrogen
  sulfide into sugars by a chemical process. The
  bacteria then provide food to other life forms,
  as shown in the diagram. Compared to food chains
  on land, the bacteria fill the same role as
  _______________________.
• a. Consumers
• b. Producers
• c. Decomposers
• d. Heterotrophs

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• b. Producers

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• Which of the following is true of temperate
  deciduous forests?
• A. They are found near the equator
• B. They have the highest rainfall of any biome
• C. They undergo seasonal changes in temperature
• D. They have the highest species richness of any
  biome

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• C. They undergo seasonal changes in temperature

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• How energy moves through an ecosystem can be
  represented by
• a. food chains. c. food webs.
• b. energy pyramids. d. All of the above

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• d. All of the above

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• Which of the following is the correct order in a
  food chain?
• a. sun producers herbivores carnivores
  decomposers
• b. sun consumers predators parasites
  hosts
• c. sun producers decomposers consumers
  omnivores
• d. sun carnivores herbivores scavengers
  decomposers

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• a. sun producers herbivores carnivores
  decomposers

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• This biome has four distinct seasons- spring,
  summer, winter, and fall

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• Temperate deciduous forest

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• Is covered by sand dunes or rocky soil. It is hot
  during the day and cold at night.

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• desert

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• This biome has the most biodiversity than any
  other land biome.

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• Tropical rainforest

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• Animals of this biome have adapted to graze in
  herds.

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• Savanna/grassland

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• low growing plants found in this biome have
  adapted to survive with little amounts of
  sunlight due to the large trees that block the
  sunlight.

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• Tropical rainforest

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• Northern most biome that does not receive enough
  rain to support trees and too cold for roots to
  grow deep into the soil.

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• tundra

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• Some animals in this biome have large fatty
  tissues that store large amounts of water so the
  organism may stay hydrated.

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• desert

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• Animals of this biome are mostly nocturnal (come
  out at night) or burrow into the ground to
  conserve water.

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• desert

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• Trees are cone shaped to prevent snow
  accumulation.

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• taiga