Settler

1
Settler

• Design a structure that is self powered, extracts
  water from the ground and can lift water 20m high

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Module 2Exchange and transport

• 1.2.13 Transport in plants-

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Starter

• On your plain piece of A4 paper you have 3
  minutes to draw a diagram of a plant and label
  everything you know from KS4 on plant transport

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• Learning Objectives

• Success Criteria

• Describe the distribution of xylem and phloem
  tissues in dicotyledonous plants, with aid of
  diagrams and photographs

• Draw the structure of xylem and phloem tissues in
  dicotyledonous plants (Grade D C)
• Describe the distribution of xylem and phloem
  tissues in dicotyledonous plants (Grade C B)
• Explain the importance of plant transport
  systems(Grade B A)

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Dicotyledon

• Di Two
• Cotyledon Seed leaf
• Used to classify flowering plants

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Dicotyledon
Monocotyledon
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Why do plants need transport systems?
Some small or primitive plants, such as mosses,
absorb all the nutrients they need directly from
their environment.
Larger plants do not have a large enough surface
area to take in what they need. Like most
multicellular animals, they have developed
specialized tissues for transporting water and
nutrients to all their cells.
Plants that have specialized transport systems
are known as vascular plants.
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Vascular Tissue

• Mainly xylem and phloem
• Also includes cambium and possibly other tissues
  for support

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Vascular Bundle in Root
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Cambium
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Vascular Bundle in Root

• Large central xylem in 3-5 pointed star
• Phloem found between arms of star
• Strength to resist crushing and pulling forces

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Vascular Bundle in Shoots
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Vascular Bundle in Shoots
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Vascular Bundle in Shoots

• Discrete bundles give strength but also allow
  flexibility
• Xylem is adaxial- closer to centre of stem
• Phloem is abaxial- closer to the exterior

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Vascular Bundle in Shoots
In older woody plants the vascular bundles are
not discrete (they form a continuous ring)
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Vascular Bundle in Leaves
Vein
Make up the midrib and veins of a leaf
Midrib
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Vascular Bundle in Leaves
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Vascular Bundle in Leaves
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Vascular Bundle in Leaves
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Observing Xylem and Phloem Using Microscope

• Try to observe the vascular bundles in roots,
  shoots and leaves
• Start on the lowest magnification and work up
• When you have a clear image on the highest
  magnification possible draw what you can see
• Remember to use a pencil and draw diagrams a
  reasonable size label, include any definitions

• Draw the structure of xylem and phloem tissues in
  dicotyledonous plants (Grade D C)

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Task

• Explain the need for transport systems in
  multicellular plants in terms of size and surface
  area to volume ratio.
• Use page 68 OCR book to help
• PA

Explain the importance of plant transport
systems(Grade B A
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Past Paper Questions Answers on whiteboards!!!

• 1) You are given an outline of a dicotyledonous
  root.
• Sketch in and label the xylem and phloem in the
  diagram. Individual cells should not be shown 2

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Xylem
Phloem
1 Mark for correctly identifying xylem and
phloem 1 Mark drawing 3-5 pointed star with
phloem between arms
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2a) Name the tissues A-C 3 b) Describe how
the distribution of B and C would differ in a
dicotyledonous root 2

• Describe the distribution of xylem and phloem
  tissues in dicotyledonous plants (Grade C B)

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• 2a) A- Epidermis
• B- Phloem accept pholem etc
• C- Xylem
• b) 1- Central
• 2- Star-shaped/3-5 arms/AW/ xylem
• 3- No pith/hole/AW
• 4- Phloem between xylem/ on different
  radii/AW
• Accept points on a diagram (xylem and phloem need
  to be labelled)

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Vertical section through part of a leaf of a
dicotyledonous plant 3) Identify A, B and C 3
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• 3)
• A- Xylem/Xylem vessel(s)/ tube/ element/ lumen
  of xylem (vessel)
• B- Guard Cell(s)
• C- Phloem/ sieve tube(s)/ sieve plate(s)/sieve
  element(s)

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4a) Name this organ 1
b) State in which of the tissues, A-D, xylem
vessel elements are found 1
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• 4a) Root
• b) D

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Plenary

• Label each photograph with its structure